Proteomic and deep sequencing analysis of extracellular vesicles isolated from adult male and female Schistosoma japonicum

Du, Pengfei; Giri, Bikash Ranjan; Liu, Juntao; Xia, Tianqi; Grevelding, Christoph G.; Cheng, Guofeng

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008618

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Significant egg count and granuloma size reduction in group III could be linked to the reduction of the adult worm load in addition to the decoupling effect. Du et al (2020) showed that cargo of S. japonicum EVs plays an important role in egg production [42]. Inhibition of this role may be an additional factor that led to reduction in the egg count.…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni egg-derived extracellular vesicles: A promising vaccine candidate against murine schistosomiasis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are protein-loaded nano-scaled particles that are extracellularly released by eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Parasite’s EVs manipulate the immune system, making them probable next-generation vaccines. Schistosomal EVs carry different proteins of promising immunizing potentials. For evaluating the immune-protective role of Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) egg-derived EVs against murine schistosomiasis, EVs were isolated from cultured S. mansoni eggs by progressive sequential cooling ultra-centrifugation technique. Isolated EVs were structurally identified using transmission electron microscope and their protein was quantified by Lowry’s technique. Experimental mice were subcutaneously immunized with three doses of 20 μg EVs (with or without alum adjuvant); every two weeks, then were challenged with S. mansoni cercariae two weeks after the last immunizing dose. Six weeks post infection, mice were sacrificed for vaccine candidate assessment. EVs protective efficacy was evaluated through parasitological, histopathological, and immunological parameters. Results showed significant reduction of tegumentally deranged adult worms, hepatic and intestinal egg counts reduction by 46.58%, 93.14% and 93.17% respectively, accompanied by remarkable amelioration of sizes, numbers and histopathology of hepatic granulomata mediated by high interferon gamma (IFN γ) and antibody level. Using sera from vaccinated mice, the molecular weight of EVs’ protein components targeted by the antibody produced was recognized by western immunoblot. Results revealed two bands of ~ 14 KDa and ~ 21 KDa, proving that EVs are able to stimulate specific antibodies response. In conclusion, the present study highlighted the role of S. mansoni-egg derived EVs as a potential vaccine candidate against murine schistosomiasis mansoni.

show abstract

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni egg-derived extracellular vesicles: A promising vaccine candidate against murine schistosomiasis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An interesting observation that arises from the accumulated data is that the three main classes of parasites secrete 20S proteasome subunits (Figure 1). With respect to the helminths, 20S proteasome subunits were found encapsulated in the EVs of Trichuris muris (Eichenberger et al, 2018), Fasciola hepatica (Cwiklinski et al, 2015), Schistosoma japonicum (Du et al, 2020;Zhu et al, 2016), Schistosoma haematobium (Mekonnen et al, 2020) and Echinococcus granulosus (Nicolao et al, 2019). 20S proteasome subunits were also identified in EVs secreted by the protozoa Giardia lamblia (Stefanic et al, 2006), Trichomonas vaginalis (Nievas et al, 2018), Leishmania donovani (Silverman et al, 2010), Leishmania major (Atayde et al, 2015), Leishmania infantum (Douanne et al, 2020), Toxoplasma gondii (Wowk et al, 2017) and Acanthamoeba castellanii (Lin et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell communication and protein degradation: All in one parasitic package

Sharon

Regev‐Rudzki

2021

J of Extracellular Vesicle

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A parasite is a unicellular or multicellular organism that is dependent on another organism (host) for its survival and proliferation. The parasite benefits from a prolonged association with its host (Loker & Hofkin, 2015), as without it, the parasite cannot grow and multiply. Thus, parasites must keep their host alive for as long as possible without killing it, yet their infection may cause diseases and, in some cases, like malaria, even mortality.Three main classes of parasites can cause disease in humans: protozoa, helminths and ectoparasites. The former are unicellular eukaryotic parasites (e.g., Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma brucei), whereas the helminths are parasitic worms (e.g., Schistosoma haematobium and Fasciola hepatica), and the ectoparasites, organisms that infest the host skin (e.g., Haemaphysalis longicornis and Sarcoptes scabiei). These classes of parasites are master manipulators whose life cycles feature unique adaptions, involving sophisticated strategies to alter the host environment, including the secretion of multipurpose extracellular vesicles (EVs) (Coakley et al., 2015;Ofir-Birin & Regev-Rudzki, 2019).EVs are heterogeneous in terms of size (30-500 nm in diameter) and transfer functional signals to target cells by carrying a cornucopia of different molecules, such as proteins, glycans, lipids, RNA and DNA (Schorey et al., 2015;Tkach & Théry, 2016). Since the release of EVs is an integral part of a parasite's life cycle and course of the infection, it stands to reason that these organelles are essential for their survival. Indeed, these shuttling vesicles provide a robust delivery system to facilitate parasitic growth and development, the transfer of virulence factors, adherence to host tissues, and evasion of immune responses (Mardahl et al., 2019;Ofir-Birin et al., 2017). They effectively manipulate the host's immune system by inhibiting or activating responses as well as by affecting a variety of other (non-immune) target human cells (

show abstract

“…Exosome roles in parasite diseases have been increasingly noted in recent years, including in the infection of protozoa ( Leishmania and Trichomonas ), fungi ( Cryptococcus neoformans and Paracoccidioides brasilensis ), and helminths such as Heligmosomoides polygyrus , S. mansoni , and S. japonicum ( 18 , 30 – 34 ).…”

Section: The Roles Of Exosomes In Host–parasite Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through advanced isolation, proteomic characterization, and high-throughput sequencing techniques, researchers have successfully identified a large population of exosomal proteins and miRNAs released by S. japonicum , S. mansoni , and S. haematobium ( 33 , 34 , 37 – 40 ). However, the cargo profiles can vary in exosomes from the different stages, for instance, their eggs, schistosomula (<15 days), and adult worms (22–35 days) ( 33 , 34 , 37 – 40 ). Thus, understanding the components in different stages may contribute to better schistosomiasis control strategies.…”

Section: Exosomal Cargoes In Schistosomiasis Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent biogenesis study of S. japonicum suggests that exosome gene profiles vary with a developmental stage ( 40 ), indicating that targeting stage-specific proteins or RNAs in exosomes as vaccine candidates could be beneficial to both the early prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in different periods. The cargo profiles from schistosomes in different developmental stages were reviewed in previous sections ( 33 , 34 , 37 – 40 ). In addition, one study proposed that fatty acids and sterols could be targeted for anti-schistosome interventions because parasites cannot de novo synthesize these molecules ( 107 ).…”

Section: Application Of Exosomes In Schistosomiasis Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Understanding the Pathophysiology of Exosomes in Schistosomiasis: A New Direction for Disease Control and Prevention

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease endemic to freshwater areas of Southeast Asia, Africa, and South America that is capable of causing serious damage to the internal organs. Recent studies have linked exosomes to the progression of schistosomiasis. These structures are important mediators for intercellular communication, assist cells to exchange proteins, lipids, and genetic material and have been shown to play critical roles during host–parasite interactions. This review aims to discuss the pathophysiology of exosomes in schistosomiasis and their roles in regulating the host immune response. Understanding how exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis may provide new perspectives in diagnosing and treating this neglected disease.

show abstract

Proteomic and deep sequencing analysis of extracellular vesicles isolated from adult male and female Schistosoma japonicum

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Schistosoma mansoni egg-derived extracellular vesicles: A promising vaccine candidate against murine schistosomiasis

Schistosoma mansoni egg-derived extracellular vesicles: A promising vaccine candidate against murine schistosomiasis

Cell communication and protein degradation: All in one parasitic package

Understanding the Pathophysiology of Exosomes in Schistosomiasis: A New Direction for Disease Control and Prevention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About