Proteomics analysis of serous fluids and effusions: Pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal

Abstract

Serous body fluids are normally present in small amounts in the cavities lined by serous membranes, and effusions are the term usually used to represent an excess of these fluids. Thus, any changes in the effusions may accurately reflect various pathological processes. In this review, we will introduce the present status of effusion analysis. Proteomics allows the global study of protein expression and offers a comprehensive view to analyze effusion proteins at a system level. It deals with the study of proteins, their structures, localizations, PTM, functions, and interactions with other proteins. This paper reviews the variety of analytical methods that have been used for the analysis of effusions. The proteins expressed in effusions, which have been identified by proteomics methods are discussed.

Proteomics biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer

“…Pleural effusion depletion to remove highabundance proteins (albumin, IgG, antitrypsin, IgA, transferrin, and haptoglobin) that could be masking potential disease biomarkers is typically performed by dilution (1:25) in buffer and centrifugation [19]. Pleural effusion contains proteins ultrafiltered from plasma, therefore identification of the proteins detected in this fluid is always performed as for normal human plasma [18].…”

“…Fluid that accumulates in the pleural cavity due to trauma or disease is called pleural effusion [18]. It remains a valuable patient's material in view of secreted or membrane-shed potential protein biomarkers.…”

Impact of uremic environment on peritoneum: A proteomic view

“…Proteomic tools, such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry, have been widely applied in the study of body fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid [12], pleural and pericardial effusions [13][14][15], urine [16][17][18], and peritoneal dialysate [19][20][21]. For peritoneal fluid analysis, previous studies focus on proteome changes in endometriosis and ovarian cancer.…”

Proteomics and peritoneal dialysis: early days but clear potential

“…For example, urine has been the focus of a number of studies in relation to kidney and bladder diseases [ 4,5 ] and cerebrospinal fluid has also received a good deal of attention for neurological conditions [ 6 ]. There have been very few proteomic investigations of clinical effusion materials (pleural, pericardial and peritoneal) [ 7 ] with preliminary reports on peritoneal fluid limited to studying endometriosis [ 8 ] and ovarian cancer [ 7,9 ].…”