Proteomics as a Future Tool for Improving IVF Outcome

Abstract

New technical and methodical and more efficient approaches beyond preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) are needed to elevate success rates in in vitro fertilization (IVF). One new approach could be the characterization of the embryos' proteome during the IVF process. This means that specific proteins secreted by the embryo in the surrounding cultivating medium can be analyzed and compared between embryos in order to identify potential markers for a successful embryo transfer and resulting pregnancy. Furthermore, this procedure could result with understanding the processes during the whole time of incubation, from the moment of oocyte fertilization until embryo transfer and subsequently implantation by analyzing the culturing medium used in multiple culture medium exchange during the cultivation period. This procedure of embryo transfer to a new culture medium is essential for the embryo's development and is performed daily or at least when the embryos reached the stage of embryoblast at day 4. The remaining medium after embryo removal is routinely discarded. However, this medium still can be useful for a detailed analysis of proteins and lipids that were secreted by the embryo during the previous incubation process and could help gaining information on the embryos' current developmental status.

Advanced strategies for single embryo selection in assisted human reproduction: A review of clinical practice and research methods

“…Additionally, the clinical application of proteomic methods is time-consuming. The processes of sample preparation, measurement, and data analysis are not currently feasible within the necessary time window for IVF [116].…”

Current Advancements in Noninvasive Profiling of the Embryo Culture Media Secretome

“…High-throughput proteomic tests utilizing these biomarkers could enable the eSET with the highest potential embryo. It is argued that it is necessary to identify the putative biomarkers and, following clinical validation, develop specific antibody-based methods [ 67 ]. This step could help validate the technology and increase its acceptance in a clinical setting.…”