Proterozoic crustal evolution in the NW Himalaya (India) as recorded by circa 1.80 Ga mafic and 1.84 Ga granitic magmatism

Miller, Christine; Klötzli, Urs; Frank, Wolfgang; Thöni, Martin; Grasemann, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/s0301-9268(00)00091-7

Cited by 164 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

110

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Burchfiel et al, 1992;Fuchs, 1975;Gansser, 1964;Heim and Gansser, 1939;Hodges, 2000). From southwest to northeast, these units comprise (a) the Sub-Himalaya, which contains detrital sediments derived from erosion of the orogen (Vannay et al, 2004); (b) the Lesser Himalaya Sequence (LHS), which mainly consists of massive quartzarenites intruded by basalts (Miller et al, 2000); (c) the medium-to high-grade metamorphic sequence of the Lesser Himalayan Crystalline Sequence (LHCS), which consists of mylonitic micaschists, granitic gneisses with minor metabasites and quartzites (Vannay and Grasemann, 1998); (d) the Higher Himalaya Crystalline Sequence (HHCS), which is composed of amphibolite facies to migmatitic paragneisses with minor metabasites, calc-silicate gneisses, and granitic gneisses often intruded by granitic plutons (Thiede et al, 2004Vannay and Grasemann, 1998); and (e) the weakly metamorphosed sediments of the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence (THS), which consist of metapelites and metapsammites that comprise the cover sediments of the former Indian continental margin (Vannay et al, 2004).…”

Section: Climatic and Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic and geologic controls on suspended sediment flux in the Sutlej River Valley, western Himalaya

Wulf

Bookhagen

Scherler

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The sediment flux through Himalayan rivers directly impacts water quality and is important for sustaining agriculture as well as maintaining drinking-water and hydropower generation. Despite the recent increase in demand for these resources, little is known about the triggers and sources of extreme sediment flux events, which lower water quality and account for extensive hydropower reservoir filling and turbine abrasion. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal trends in suspended sediment flux based on daily data during the past decade (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)) from four sites along the Sutlej River and from four of its main tributaries. In conjunction with satellite data depicting rainfall and snow cover, air temperature and earthquake records, and field observations, we infer climatic and geologic controls of peak suspended sediment concentration (SSC) events. Our study identifies three key findings: First, peak SSC events (≥ 99th SSC percentile) coincide frequently (57-80 %) with heavy rainstorms and account for about 30 % of the suspended sediment flux in the semi-arid to arid interior of the orogen. Second, we observe an increase of suspended sediment flux from the Tibetan Plateau to the Himalayan Front at mean annual timescales. This sediment-flux gradient suggests that averaged, modern erosion in the western Himalaya is most pronounced at frontal regions, which are characterized by high monsoonal rainfall and thick soil cover. Third, in seven of eight catchments, we find an anticlockwise hysteresis loop of annual sediment flux variations with respect to river discharge, which appears to be related to enhanced glacial sediment evacuation during late summer. Our analysis emphasizes the importance of unconsolidated sediments in the high-elevation sector that can easily be mobilized by hydrometeorological events and higher glacialmeltwater contributions. In future climate change scenarios, including continuous glacial retreat and more frequent monsoonal rainstorms across the Himalaya, we expect an increase in peak SSC events, which will decrease the water quality and impact hydropower generation.

show abstract

Section: Climatic and Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic and geologic controls on suspended sediment flux in the Sutlej River Valley, western Himalaya

Wulf

Bookhagen

Scherler

2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These rocks belong to green schist to lower amphibolite facies metamorphic grades. Further, the protolith of this mylonitic augen gneiss did not intrude into the Haimanta group (Miller et al 2000). Interestingly, Haimantas are considered equivalent to Chails (Islam et al 1999).…”

Section: Tectonic Implications and Regional Correlation In The Himalayamentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The mylonitic gneisses are dated in various sectors of the Himalaya starting from the western sector in the Himachal Himalaya (BMG) to the eastern sector of the Himalaya, Nepal (Ulleri gneisses) and it has yielded Rb-Sr whole rock ages between 1800 and 1000 Ma (Bhanot et al 1976(Bhanot et al , 1978(Bhanot et al , 1982Frank et al 1977;Paul et al 1982;Sinha-Roy and Sengupta 1986;Miller et al 2000).…”

Section: Tectonic Implications and Regional Correlation In The Himalayamentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrography, geochemistry and regional significance of crystalline klippen in the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uphalda gneisses (UG) is a crystalline klippe located near Srinagar in Garhwal Himalaya. These gneisses are compared with Debguru porphyroids (DP) (≈Ramgarh group) of Garhwal-Kumaun Himalaya and Baragaon mylonitic gneisses (BMG) of Himachal Himalaya. Petrographic study reveals that the deformation of UG was initiated at higher temperature (above 350 • C) and continued till lowering of temperature and deformation led to the mylonitization.Geochemically, these granitic gneisses (UG, DP and BMG) exhibit similar composition. Features such as high molecular A/CNK value (>1), presence of normative corundum and absence of normative diopside, enhanced Rb/Sr, Rb/Zr ratios, enrichment of Th and containing rounded zircons support their crustally-derived S-type granitic nature. The linear plot in major oxides is interpreted in terms of fractional crystallization processes. Mantle normalized multi-element spider diagram of UG illustrates depletion of Ba, Nb, Sr, P and Ti and enrichment of Th and show similarities with DP and BMG.Similarities were observed in lithology, petrographic characters and chemical composition of UG, DP, BMG and Ulleri augen gneisses (Nepal). Comparison with the rocks of Higher Himalayan crystallines (≈Vaikrita), suggests that these rocks (UG) are not transported from Higher Himalaya as understood earlier. This study however proposes that, these gneissic bodies represent an older basement occurring as a tectonic sliver which emplaced within the cover sequence as wedges at different structural levels. This is a regional phenomena observed throughout the Lesser Himalayan region.

show abstract

“… The Lesser Himalaya Sequence (LHS), which mainly consists of massive quartzarenites intruded by basalts (Miller et al, 2000).  Medium to high grade metamorphic sequence of the Lesser Himalayan Crystalline Sequence (LHCS), which consists of mylonitic micaschists, granitic gneisses with minor metabasites and quartzites (Vannay and Grasemann, 1998 The geological map for the study area based on Thakur (1992) is presented in Figure 1.…”

Section: Geological Settings Of Satluj Rivermentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment: A Study of Hydroelectric Power Projects in Satluj Basin in District Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India

Lata¹,

Rishi²,

Herojeet³

et al. 2017

IJEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Proterozoic crustal evolution in the NW Himalaya (India) as recorded by circa 1.80 Ga mafic and 1.84 Ga granitic magmatism

Cited by 164 publications

References 30 publications

Climatic and geologic controls on suspended sediment flux in the Sutlej River Valley, western Himalaya

Climatic and geologic controls on suspended sediment flux in the Sutlej River Valley, western Himalaya

Petrography, geochemistry and regional significance of crystalline klippen in the Garhwal Lesser Himalaya, India

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment: A Study of Hydroelectric Power Projects in Satluj Basin in District Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About