Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions--I

Bender, Byron W.; Goodenough, Ward H.; Jackson, Frederick H.; Marck, Jeffrey C.; Rehg, Kenneth L.; Sohn, Ho‐min; Trussel, Stephen; Wang, Judith W.

doi:10.1353/ol.2003.0002

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Dyen's (1965) lexicostatistical classification of Austronesian languages might be considered the first mention of Nauruan as a Micronesian outlier in the literature. Dyen places Nauruan on an independent branch of his Austronesian linkage, though he reports that Nauruan shares 16.1% of cognates with the "Carolinian Subfamily" which includes Micronesian (specifically Chuukic) languages (Bender et al 2003). The relatively low percentage of Nauruan cognates in Dyen's study may be due to lack of data, though it seems likely that some cognates were simply not identified.…”

Section: Consonantsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The following subsections summarize the arguments that Jackson makes, both for Nauruan's status as a Micronesian language and for its hypothesized exclusion from the Nuclear Micronesian *duRi which is otherwise only attested in the Admiralties and some non-Oceanic Austronesian languages." Nauruan continues PMc *cuyi (Bender et al 2003) as Nauruan /e-ř1/ 'bone', though Jackson appears to misinterpret the final vowel in this word as 2. This word reflects regular sound changes in Nauruan, including PMc *c >ř, PMc *y > Ø, and PMc *i > 1 where *i immediately followed *w or *u.…”

Section: Consonantsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…These tables are presented here in abbreviated form, excluding correspondences for Pohnpeic and Chuukic languages, and with some minor corrections. 2 These and the original tables in Hughes (2020:176-177) are adapted from Bender et al (2003), with Nauruan correspondences added. Other evidence discussed by Hughes in support of Nauruan's classification as Micronesian includes historic final vowel lenition, and the presence of recovered (or thematic) vowels stem-finally; diachronic regressive vowel assimilation; low vowel raising; diachronic low vowel dissimilation; interrelated processes of reduplication, vowel syncope and gemination; the transfer of vowel features to consonants;…”

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confidence: 99%

“…appears in place of a Nauruan correspondence for PMc *Z. Note also that Proto-Oceanic phonemes included by Bender et al (2003) in Table 3 have been altered to maintain consistent representation of these sounds following Ross (1988). (Hughes 2020:247-280).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nauruan classification

Hughes¹

2020

Proc Ling Soc Amer

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Nauruan is a Micronesian language that has been classified outside of the Nuclear Micronesian group. This classification suggests that Nauruan, unlike all other Micronesian languages, did not descend from Proto-Micronesian. Though this view has been adopted in the literature, it should be considered tenuous. It is based on little Nauruan data and is informed by work that is presented as highly tentative. This paper presents a reassessment of Nauruan classification, drawing on data from original fieldwork. Research shows not only that Nauruan is a Micronesian language, but that there is no compelling evidence for classifying Nauruan apart from the Nuclear group. Of particular importance is the claim that Nauruan fails to reflect the merger of Proto-Oceanic *d and *dr as Proto-Micronesian *c (Jackson 1986). Comparative evidence suggests that Nauruan does reflect this merger: POc *d, *dr > PMc *c > ř. It follows that Jackson's classification for Nauruan is unmotivated, as is the Nuclear/non-Nuclear distinction within the family. Having established that Nauruan need not be classified apart from the Nuclear group, Nauruan's precise classification within the Micronesian family is considered. A question of primary importance is whether Nauruan reflects the merger of Proto-Micronesian *s and *S. The possibility that Nauruan did not participate in this merger is considered, in which case Nauruan should be classified outside of the Central Micronesian group, like Kosraean. The possibility that Nauruan did participate in this merger is also considered, in which case Nauruan should be classified somewhere within Central Micronesian. Further, some innovations are described which are potentially shared between Nauruan and certain Central Micronesian languages. The possibility that these are shared innovations is considered, as are the implications this would have for Nauruan classification.

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Section: Consonantsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Consonantsmentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nauruan classification

Hughes¹

2020

Proc Ling Soc Amer

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“…Marshallese can further be classified as central or western Micronesian (Bender et al. ; Lynch et al. ).…”

Section: Putting Marshallese English On the Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marshallese English: A first sketch

Buchstaller

Willson²

2017

World Englishes

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This article provides a first sketch of Marshallese English, a variety which developed through contact between speakers of English and the Marshallese language. Our objectives are two-pronged: (i) we attempt to position the varieties of English spoken in the Marshall Islands with regard to Kachru's Three Circles model of world Englishes; and (ii) we provide a first linguistic sketch of Marshallese English. Both of these aims have obvious applications for language policy and the development of educational resources and benchmarks.

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The binarity effect in Kosraean reduplication

Kennedy

2005

Phonology

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This paper offers a formal analysis of prefixing and suffixing reduplication in Kosraean. The prosodic shape of each affix is sensitive to the form of the stem, giving rise to multiple prosodic variants. In particular, its prefix illustrates the binarity effect, in which the reduplicant is binary if and only if the base is binary. Curiously, the suffix is not subject to the same generalisation, but still follows from the same formal analysis. Both affixes also show additional curious effects of vowel-initial stems. Using an optimality-theoretic approach, I will show that the prosody of both affixes is a function of the prosodic structure of the whole word rather than of a requirement that the affix fill a specified prosodic template. The analysis makes the binarity effect an example of a contextually weight-sensitive language, in which closed syllables are bimoraic only under certain morphological circumstances.

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Proto-Micronesian Reconstructions--I

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Nauruan classification

Nauruan classification

Marshallese English: A first sketch

The binarity effect in Kosraean reduplication

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