PROTOCOL: Criminal justice interventions for preventing terrorism and radicalisation: An evidence and gap map

Sydes, Michelle; Hine, Lorelei; Higginson, Angela; Dugan, Laura; Mazerolle, Lorraine

doi:10.1002/cl2.1273

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The search for the EGM (Sydes et al, 2023) was extensive: nearly 70,000 unique records, which, after screening were reduced to 67 studies eligible for the EGM (from 58 documents). These included 2 systematic reviews, 14 randomised controlled trials and 51 quasi‐experimental studies.…”

Section: The Evidence and Gap Map (Egm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Campbell's Countering Violent Extremism programme

Neyroud,

Aziz,

Kubicek

2024

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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Section: The Evidence and Gap Map (Egm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Campbell's Countering Violent Extremism programme

Neyroud,

Aziz,

Kubicek

2024

Campbell Systematic Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, our pilot screening for the EGM discovered studies addressing bio-terrorism (see Green, LeDuc, Cohen, & Franz, 2019; and cyber-terrorism (see . These were two categories of counterterrorism interventions we did not anticipate coding for in the protocol (see Sydes et al, 2022). As such, we made an early decision to alter the protocol coding scheme to include interventions that targeted bio-and cyber-terrorism.…”

Section: Types Of Intervention/problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exclusion criterion 3 was used to produce a corpus of studies that reported on quantitative impact evaluations of an eligible intervention, using an eligible research design. Exclusion criterion 3 deviated from the exclusion criteria outlined in the protocol (Sydes et al, 2022). The original exclusion criteria stated that the 'document does not include an impact evaluation of a criminal justice intervention that aims to prevent or respond to radicalisation/violent extremism/terrorism.'…”

Section: Gpd Sourced Documentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal justice interventions for preventing radicalisation, violent extremism and terrorism: An evidence and gap map

Sydes,

Hine,

Higginson

et al. 2023

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundCriminal justice agencies are well positioned to help prevent the radicalisation of individuals and groups, stop those radicalised from engaging in violence, and reduce the likelihood of terrorist attacks. This Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) presents the existing evidence and gaps in the evaluation research.ObjectivesTo identify the existing evidence that considers the effectiveness of criminal justice interventions in preventing radicalisation, violent extremism and terrorism.Search MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of the academic and grey literature to locate relevant studies for the EGM. Our search locations included the Global Policing Database (GPD), eight electronic platforms encompassing over 20 academic databases, five trial registries and over 30 government and non‐government websites. The systematic search was carried out between 8 June 2022 and 1 August 2022.Selection CriteriaWe captured criminal justice interventions published between January 2002 and December 2021 that aimed to prevent radicalisation, violent extremism, and/or terrorism. Criminal justice agencies were broadly defined to include police, courts, and corrections (both custodial and community). Eligible populations included criminal justice practitioners, places, communities or family members, victims, or individuals/groups who are radicalised or at risk of becoming radicalised. Our map includes systematic reviews, randomised controlled trials, and strong quasi‐experimental studies. We placed no limits on study outcomes, language, or geographic location.Data Collection and AnalysisOur screening approach differed slightly for the different sources, but all documents were assessed in the systematic review software program DistillerSR on the same final eligibility criteria. Once included, we extracted information from studies using a standardised form that allowed us to collect key data for our EGM. Eligible systematic reviews were assessed for risk of bias using the AMSTAR 2 critical appraisal tool.Main ResultsThe systematic search identified 63,763 unique records. After screening, there were 70 studies eligible for the EGM (from 71 documents), of which two were systematic reviews (assessed as moderate quality), 16 were randomised controlled trials, and 52 were strong quasi‐experimental studies. The majority of studies (n = 58) reported on policing interventions. Limited evidence was found related to courts or corrections interventions. The impact of these interventions was measured by a wide variety of outcomes (n = 50). These measures were thematically grouped under nine broad categories including (1) terrorism, (2) extremism or radicalisation, (3) non‐terror related crime and recidivism, (4) citizen perceptions/intentions toward the criminal justice system and government, (5) psychosocial, (6) criminal justice practitioner behaviours/attitudes/beliefs, (7) racially targeted criminal justice practices, (8) investigation efficacy, and (9) organisational factors. The most commonly assessed outcomes included measures of terrorism, investigation efficacy, and organisational factors. Very limited research assessed intervention effectiveness against measures of extremism and/or radicalisation.Authors’ ConclusionsConducting high‐quality evaluation research on rare and hidden problems presents a challenge for criminal justice research. The map reveals a number of significant gaps in studies evaluating criminal justice responses to terrorism and radicalisation. We conclude that future research should focus attention on studies that consolidate sound measurement of terrorism‐related outcomes to better capture the potential benefits and harms of counter‐terrorism programs, policies and practices which involve criminal justice agencies.

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PROTOCOL: Criminal justice interventions for preventing terrorism and radicalisation: An evidence and gap map

Cited by 2 publications

References 55 publications

Update on Campbell's Countering Violent Extremism programme

Update on Campbell's Countering Violent Extremism programme

Criminal justice interventions for preventing radicalisation, violent extremism and terrorism: An evidence and gap map

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