PROTOCOL: Interview and Interrogation Methods and their Effects on Investigative Outcomes

Meissner, Christian A.; Redlich, Allison D.; Bhatt, Sujeeta; Brandon, Susan E.

doi:10.1002/cl2.68

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…But, late‐career training creates the opportunity for investigators to develop poor interviewing practices—or at least poor for complex cases that benefit from a CI approach. How well does CI training hold up over time, or will trainees revert to their pre‐training tactics over time? If so, then an integral part of training will entail providing refresher training or something comparable to solidify the benefits of CI training. As Meissner, Redlich, Bhatt, and Brandon () have discussed, use of the CI to interview suspects with a focus on intelligence gathering (rather than obtaining a confession) is a burgeoning area of research. How might training in a suspect focused CI differ from a witness centred CI?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Train‐the‐trainer: Methodology to learn the cognitive interview

Molinaro

Fisher

Mosser

et al. 2019

Journal Invest Psychology

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Research has indicated that police may not receive enough training in interviewing cooperative witnesses, specifically in use of the cognitive interview (CI). Practically, for the CI to be effective in real‐world investigations, police investigators must be trained by law enforcement trainers. We conducted a three‐phase experiment to examine the feasibility of training experienced law enforcement trainers who would then train others to conduct the CI. We instructed Federal Bureau of Investigation and local law enforcement trainers about the CI (Phase I); law enforcement trainers from both agencies (n = 4, 100% male, mean age = 50 years) instructed university students (n = 25, 59% female, mean age = 21 years) to conduct either the CI or a standard law enforcement interview (Phase II); the student interviewers then interviewed other student witnesses (n = 50, 73% female, mean age = 22 years), who had watched a simulated crime (phase III). Compared with standard training, interviews conducted by those trained by CI‐trained instructors contained more information and at a higher accuracy rate and with fewer suggestive questions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Train‐the‐trainer: Methodology to learn the cognitive interview

Molinaro

Fisher

Mosser

et al. 2019

Journal Invest Psychology

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“…As previously mentioned, information-gathering approaches decrease the risk of false confessions (Meissner et al, 2012) because police officers do not exert psychological pressure to lead the suspect into believing it is in their best interest to confess (Gudjonsson, 2003). Although this is an important advantage of investigative interviewing, this approach is not as flaw-free as it might seem.…”

Section: Information-gathering Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contrary to broad classifications, simpler classifi-cations are based on the dichotomization of interrogative techniques and are generally formulated as contrasts. For example, a frequently cited dichotomy is humane versus dominant interrogation tactics (Häkkänen, Ask, Kebbell, Alison, & Granhag, 2009), but the most well established dichotomy is the accusatorial (coercive) versus the information-gathering method (Meissner, Redlich, Bhatt, & Brandon, 2012). Because the latter dichotomy has become especially prominent, its interrogative categories should be presented in more detail.…”

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confidence: 99%

Policijska zaslišanja skozi prizmo znanosti

Areh¹

2016

psio

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Several approaches can be employed for information gathering from human sources, differing in their theoretical basis, goals, realisation, and ethical acceptability. The paper critically presents and compares two prevalent approaches to suspect interrogation used by the police. The older, prevalent interrogation approach focuses on obtaining suspects' incriminating statements and admissions, which severely elevates the risk of false confessions. Consequently, this interrogation approach is termed accusatorial or coercive since suspects are forced to admit to a crime. The newer interrogation approach is the information-gathering approach, also known as the investigative interview. It focuses on gathering accurate information in order to exclude or accuse a suspect in a criminal investigation. In comparison with coercive interrogation models, the information-gathering approach has a lower probability of false confessions since suspects are exposed to significantly lower levels of psychological pressure. Moreover, it is ethically more acceptable, has scientific grounds, enables the gathering of more accurate information, and has been found to be at least as effective as the coercive approach in criminal investigations. The investigative interview relies mainly on findings from social psychology. An analysis of coercive interrogation models reveals that they have no scientific basis and as such rely mainly on uncorroborated common-sense assumptions from authorities. In developed countries, coercive interrogation models are increasingly being replaced by the information-gathering approach, a trend connected with the enforcement of high human rights standards and a higher awareness of risks associated with coercive interrogation methods by the general public, academia, and professionals alike.Povzetek: Za pridobivanje informacij od človeških virov se uporablja več pristopov, ki se med seboj razlikujejo v teoretičnih temeljih, ciljih, izvedbi in etični sprejemljivosti. V članku sta kritično predstavljena in primerjana dva prevladujoča pristopa zasliševanj osumljencev, ki ju uporabljajo v policiji. Starejši in prevladujoč zasliševalski pristop je osredotočen na pridobivanje obremenilnih izjav ali priznanj s strani osumljencev, kar nevarno dviguje verjetnost pridobitve izsiljenega priznanja. Zaradi tega se ta pristop imenuje obtožilni ali prisilni, saj osumljence sili k priznanju. Novejši zasliševalski pristop, imenovan preiskovalni intervju, je osredotočen na pridobivanje točnih informacij, s katerimi policija išče dokaze za izločitev ali obdolžitev osumljenca. Verjetnost za obdolžitev in obsodbo nedolžne osebe je tako manjša, saj so osumljenci manj izpostavljeni psihičnim pritiskom. V primerjavi s prisilnim zasliševalskim pristopom je pristop zbiranja informacij etično bolj sprejemljiv, ima znanstvene temelje, omogoča pridobivanje bolj točnih informacij, pri preiskovanju kaznivih dejanj pa je vsaj toliko učinkovit kot prisilni pristop. V preiskovalno intervjuvanje so vgrajena predvsem spoznanja s področja socialne psiho...

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“…Oftentimes, indeed, crucial information of crimes remain undisclosed when a report of amnesia emerges (Van Oorsouw & Merckelbach, , 2006, regardless of the fact that some perpetrators admit their guilt (Porter et al, 2001). Thus, at least to some degree, our findings suggest that perpetrators are more likely to recall a larger amount of information when prompted by cues rather than being asked to freely recall the crime (see also Mangiulli et al, 2018, Study 2;Meissner, Redlich, Bhatt, & Brandon, 2012), particularly when they might be persuaded to collaborate with the justice department (e.g., plea bargaining situation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Rehearsal is a simple cognitive mechanism that might stimulate offenders to think and re-think about the crime they perpetrated. If it is true that rehearsal effects increase with the number of rehearsals (Bergman & Roediger, 1999), it would be perhaps possible to use mnemonic elicitation techniques such as cognitive cues (Meissner, Redlich, Bhatt, & Brandon, 2012) to stimulate offenders to rehearse their criminal actions during information-gathering investigations (Memon, Meissner, & Faser, 2010). In many cases, offender memory is crucial to reconstruct crime events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the Memory-Undermining Effect of Feigned Crime-Related Amnesia

Mangiulli

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PROTOCOL: Interview and Interrogation Methods and their Effects on Investigative Outcomes

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Train‐the‐trainer: Methodology to learn the cognitive interview

Train‐the‐trainer: Methodology to learn the cognitive interview

Policijska zaslišanja skozi prizmo znanosti

Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the Memory-Undermining Effect of Feigned Crime-Related Amnesia

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