Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as new classes of proton-conducting materialsh ave been highlighted in recent years. Nevertheless, the exploration of proton-conducting MOFs as formic acid sensors is extremelyl acking. Herein, we prepared two highly stable 3D isostructurall anthanide(III) MOFs, {(M(m 3 -HPhIDC)(m 2 -C 2 O 4 ) 0.5 (H 2 O))·2 H 2 O} n (M = Tb (ZZU-1); Eu (ZZU-2)) (H 3 PhIDC = 2-phenyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid), in which the coordinated and uncoordinated water molecules and uncoordinated imidazole Na toms play decisive roles for the high-performancep roton conductiona nd recognition ability for formic acid.B oth ZZU-1 and ZZU-2 showt emperature-and humidity-dependent proton-conducting characteristics with high conductivities of 8.95 10 À4 and 4.63 10 À4 Scm -1 at 98 %R Ha nd 100 8C, respectively.I mportantly,t he impedance values of the two MOF-based sensors decrease upon exposure to formica cid vapor generated from formic aqueous solutions at 25 8Cw ith good reproducibility.B yc omparing the changes of impedance values, we can indirectly determine the concentration of HCOOHi na queous solution.T he results showedt hat the lowest detectablec oncentrations of formic acid aqueous solutions are 1.2 10 À2 mol L À1 by ZZU-1 and 2.0 10 À2 mol L À1 by ZZU-2.F urthermore,t he two sensors can distinguish formic acid vapor from interfering vapors including MeOH, N-hexane, benzene, toluene, EtOH, acetone,a cetic acid and butane. Our research provides a new platform of proton-conductive MOFs-based sensors for detecting formic acid.[a] R.