Proton Diffusion in Nickel Hydroxide: Prediction of Active Material Utilization

Motupally, Sathya; Streinz, Christopher C.; Weidner, John W.

doi:10.1149/1.1838205

Cited by 70 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other, nanosized Ni(OH) 2 powder synthesized by this method has a very small crystalline size and a large specific surface area, Thus, it shows a higher proton diffusion coefficient in comparison with microsized spherical Ni(OH) 2 [3,11]. As we know that the step of proton diffusion is the rate-determining step in nickel hydroxide electrodes [12,13], the increase of the rate of proton diffusion means that the reaction activity of nickel hydroxide is enhanced; moreover, contact between the active material and the electrolyte is enhanced and results in the decrease of concentration polarization of electrode during charge-discharge process. Accordingly, the utilization of nanosized Ni(OH) 2 is improved, and the nanosized Ni(OH) 2 electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of nanosized nickel hydroxide by solid-state reaction at room temperature

Liu

Lan

2004

Materials Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of nanosized nickel hydroxide by solid-state reaction at room temperature

Liu

Lan

2004

Materials Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…5 elsewhere. 17 This work has been used for accounting for variable diffusion coefficient by Botte et al 18 to determine a diffusion coefficient that is a function of the dimensionless flux rate of the material diffusing into the particle. Verbrugge et al 19 expressed the intercalation diffusion coefficient as an indirect function of solid-phase concentration consisting of a fractional occupancy of intercalating host material and the activity coefficient.…”

Section: -D Spherical Diffusion Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Conservative Reformulation Schemes for Lithium Intercalation

Urisanga

Rife

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Porous electrode theory coupled with transport and reaction mechanisms is a widely used technique to model Li-ion batteries employing an appropriate discretization or approximation for solid phase diffusion with electrode particles. One of the major difficulties in simulating Li-ion battery models is the need to account for solid phase diffusion in a second-radial-dimension r, which increases the computation time/cost to a great extent. Various methods that reduce the computational cost have been introduced to treat this phenomenon, but most of them do not guarantee mass conservation. The aim of this paper is to introduce an inherently mass conserving yet computationally efficient method for solid phase diffusion based on Lobatto III A quadrature. This paper also presents coupling of the new solid phase reformulation scheme with a macro-homogeneous porous electrode theory based pseudo 2D model for Li-ion battery. Lithium-ion chemistry has been identified as a good candidate for high-power/high-energy secondary batteries which are expected to play a vital role in the future of automobile, power storage, military, mobile, and space applications. Significant efforts have been made and reported in literature regarding the modeling and understanding of Lithium-ion batteries using physics based first-principles models. The most widely used first principles model for the lithium-ion battery is the porous electrode pseudo two dimensional (P2D) model, 1 which is based on the fundamentals of electrochemistry and transport phenomena. These models are represented by coupled nonlinear PDEs in 1-2 dimensions, are typically solved numerically and require few minutes to hours to simulate.For the P2D model, the diffusion of Lithium ion into the solid electrode particles is solved in a pseudo dimension r, which is coupled to the macro-homogenous model at the surface of the intercalation particles. This pseudo 2 dimensional approximation avoids the need for a solution of a full 2 dimensional model and hence the name. Accurate predictions of the concentration at the surface of the particle are therefore important, as it contributes to the exchange current density for the reaction at the particle-electrolyte interface. Typically, solid phase diffusion in the micro-scale is modeled using Fick's law of diffusion. More detailed schemes involving pressure induced diffusion along with solid phase diffusion have also been reported in literature. 2These models are important especially for high capacity materials where the stress developed affects the concentration profile inside the intercalation particle. For phase changing materials, the shrinking core model 3 has been used and approximate solutions have been proposed. 4 Cahn-Hilliard models 5 have also been employed to track the phase boundary within active material particles during Lithium intercalation.6,7 One of the major difficulties in the electrochemical engineering models is that even the inclusion of a simple Fickian model for solid phase diffusion in a second dimension r increa...

show abstract

“…which is believed to be a solid-state proton intercalation and de-intercalation reaction [22][23][24][25]. In the charge/ discharge process, the proton insertion into and desertion from the hexagonal structure of nickel hydroxide occur reversibly, and the crystal structure of nickel hydroxide is maintained.…”

Section: Xrd Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ball milling on the physical and electrochemical characteristics of nickel hydroxide powder

2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nickel hydroxide powder was modified by the method of ball milling, and the physical properties of both the ball-milled and un-milled nickel hydroxide were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area, particle size distribution and X-ray diffraction. It was found that the ball milling processing could obviously increase the surface area, decrease the particle and crystallite size, and reduce the crystallinity of b-Ni(OH) 2 , which was advantageous to the improvement of the electrochemical activity of nickel hydroxide powder. Electrochemical performances of pasted nickel electrodes using the ball-milled nickel hydroxide as an active material were investigated, and were compared with those of the electrodes prepared with the un-milled nickel hydroxide. Charge/ discharge tests showed that the ball-milled nickel hydroxide electrodes exhibited better performances in the charging efficiency, specific discharge capacity, active material utilization and discharge voltage. The improvement of the performances of b-Ni(OH) 2 through ball milling could be attributed to the better reaction reversibility, higher coulombic efficiency, higher oxygen evolution potential and lower electrochemical impedance, as indicated by the cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies. Thus, ball milling was an effective method to modify the physical properties and enhance the electrochemical performances of nickel hydroxide powder for the active material of rechargeable alkaline nickel batteries.

show abstract

Proton Diffusion in Nickel Hydroxide: Prediction of Active Material Utilization

Cited by 70 publications

References 11 publications

Synthesis of nanosized nickel hydroxide by solid-state reaction at room temperature

Synthesis of nanosized nickel hydroxide by solid-state reaction at room temperature

Efficient Conservative Reformulation Schemes for Lithium Intercalation

Effects of ball milling on the physical and electrochemical characteristics of nickel hydroxide powder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About