Proton exchange membrane testing and diagnostics

Bharti, Abha; Natarajan, Rajalakshmi

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823708-3.00007-9

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The theoretical maximum coulombic efficiency of the fuel cell used in the breathalyzer (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) is expected to be within the range of 30-60% [69,[79][80][81]. As previously explained in Section 2.1, the oxidation reaction of ethanol on Pt produces four electrons (Reaction 2), and the reaction can be used to determine the circuit's potential in volts by using the Nernst equation (Equation ( 4)), where the number of transferred electrons is four and partial pressures of the reactants and products vary according to the different considerations fed into the cell.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Performance Evaluation of an IoT-Integrated Breath Analyzer

Khamis

Idris

Abdellatif

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Although alcohol consumption may produce effects that can be beneficial or harmful, alcohol consumption prevails among communities around the globe. Additionally, alcohol consumption patterns may be associated with several factors among communities and individuals. Numerous technologies and methods are implemented to enhance the detection and tracking of alcohol consumption, such as vehicle-integrated and wearable devices. In this paper, we present a cellular-based Internet of Things (IoT) implementation in a breath analyzer to enable data collection from multiple users via a single device. Cellular technology using hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) was implemented as an IoT gateway. IoT integration enabled the direct retrieval of information from a database relative to the device and direct upload of data from the device onto the database. A manually developed threshold algorithm was implemented to quantify alcohol concentrations within a range from 0 to 200 mcg/100 mL breath alcohol content using electrochemical reactions in a fuel-cell sensor. Two data collections were performed: one was used for the development of the model and was split into two sets for model development and on-machine validation, and another was used as an experimental verification test. An overall accuracy of 98.16% was achieved, and relative standard deviations within the range from 1.41% to 2.69% were achieved, indicating the reliable repeatability of the results. The implication of this paper is that the developed device (an IoT-integrated breath analyzer) may provide practical assistance for healthcare representatives and researchers when conducting studies involving the detection and data collection of alcohol consumption patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Performance Evaluation of an IoT-Integrated Breath Analyzer

Khamis

Idris

Abdellatif

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…(22) ), which was employed to describe the electrochemical processes presented in this work, as well as the Linearized Butler-Volmer formalism (Eq. S1 in Supplementary Information) which is a simplified case of the former equation that was also tested for comparison and as an additional model validation diagnostic [ 82 ]. The details of the validation process, including information on the geometric dimensions and operational conditions, are available in section S1 of Supplementary Information.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar fuels design: Porous cathodes modeling for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction in aqueous electrolytes

S. Fernandes,

Antunes,

Martins

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…The PEMFC stack can be subjected to various loading and stress conditions based on utility in real-time scenarios, where the PEMFC should have a >40,000 h static work lifetime and >5000 h automotive application lifetime [18]. Yan et al have also reported that the performance of PEMFC is also influenced by temperature and humidity, which affect the charge transfer resistance of the stack [19].…”

Section: Medium-pressure Platementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization, Design, and Manufacturing of New Steel-FRP Automotive Fuel Cell Medium Pressure Plate Using Compression Molding

Anand,

Mielke,

Heidrich

et al. 2024

Vehicles

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In this work, a new plastic-intensive medium-pressure plate (MPP), which is part of a fuel-cell system, has been developed together with a steel plate meeting all mechanical and chemical requirements. This newly developed MPP had to achieve the objective of saving weight and package space. The use of compression molding as a manufacturing technique facilitated the use of glass mat thermoplastics (GMT) which has higher E-modules and strength compared to most of the injection molded materials. A steel plate was placed as an insert to help achieve the stiffness requirements. For the development, the existing MPP was benchmarked for its structural capabilities and its underlying functional features. Four different FRP materials were investigated in terms of their chemical and mechanical properties. PP-GMT material, which has both high mechanical performance and resistance against chemicals in the fuel cell fluid, had been chosen. Using the properties of the chosen PP-GMT material, topology optimization was carried out based on the quasi-static load case and manufacturing constraints, which gave a load-conforming rib structure. The obtained rib structure was utilized to develop the final MPP with adherence to the functional requirements of MPP. The developed plastic-intensive MPP exhibits a 3-in-1 component feature with a 55% reduction in package space and an 8% weight reduction. The MPP was virtually analyzed for its mechanical strength and compared with the existing benchmark values. Finally, a press tool was conceptualized and manufactured to fabricate the new plastic-intensive MPP, which was tested in a rig and validated in the FE model.

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Proton exchange membrane testing and diagnostics

Cited by 10 publications

References 97 publications

Development and Performance Evaluation of an IoT-Integrated Breath Analyzer

Development and Performance Evaluation of an IoT-Integrated Breath Analyzer

Solar fuels design: Porous cathodes modeling for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction in aqueous electrolytes

Optimization, Design, and Manufacturing of New Steel-FRP Automotive Fuel Cell Medium Pressure Plate Using Compression Molding

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