Proton-induced grain boundary segregation in stainless steel

Swelling and radiation-induced segregation in austentic alloys

“…The addition of phosphorus, which enriches at the boundary, may act as a pin for chromium and molybdenum, thus reducing the depletion. Previous work by Damcott et al [33] showed that the addition of P to an Fe-18Cr-8Ni alloy increased both the chromium enrichment and nickel depletion. Therefore, adding P alone appears to increase segregation while the addition of Mo and P decrease the segregation.…”

The effect of oversized solute additions on the microstructure of 316SS irradiated with 5 MeV Ni++ ions or 3.2 MeV protons

“…The irradiation dose rate of approximately 8.5 · 10 À6 dpa/s was used, resulting in a nearly uniform damaged layer throughout the first 35 lm of the proton range ($40 lm). Details of the irradiation technique have been previously described [16]. The temperatures for Ni-ion and proton irradiations were chosen to compensate for the damage rate difference in order to produce irradiation damage in materials relevant to LWR cores, demonstrated by the previous works [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Microstructural development in advanced ferritic–martensitic steel HCM12A

“…Proton irradiation was performed on 2 mm thick bars at the Michigan Ion Beam Laboratory using 2.0 MeV protons at a temperature of 400°C to doses of 3, 7, and 10 dpa and at a temperature of 500°C to a dose of 3 dpa [8]. Ni-ion irradiations were conducted at the Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory using 5 MeV Ni-ions at 500°C to doses of 5 and 50 dpa [9].…”