Proton pump inhibitors not associated with hypomagnesemia, regardless of dose or concomitant diuretic use

Chowdhry, Monica; Shah, Kuldeep; Kemper, Suzanne; Zekan, David; Carter, William; McJunkin, Brittain

doi:10.1111/jgh.14141

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since hypomagnesemia is not readily identifiable on regular blood testing, many patients might develop this condition unknowingly. In contrast, data of 2400 patients were retrospectively inspected by Chowdhry et al and they did not find significant differences between the PPI users and non-users [88]. The lack of significance persisted even after considering the dose of PPI and concomitant use of diuretics [88].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Bone Fractures Induced By Ppimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, data of 2400 patients were retrospectively inspected by Chowdhry et al and they did not find significant differences between the PPI users and non-users [88]. The lack of significance persisted even after considering the dose of PPI and concomitant use of diuretics [88]. This was confirmed by another prospective study, whereby PPI treatment for 12 months did not lower serum magnesium level significantly among patients ( n = 209) [89].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Bone Fractures Induced By Ppimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Fracture Risk: A Review of Current Evidence and Mechanisms Involved

Thong

Soelaiman

Chin

2019

IJERPH

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The number of patients with gastroesophageal problems taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is increasing. Several studies suggested a possible association between PPIs and fracture risk, especially hip fractures, but the relationship remains contentious. This review aimed to investigate the longitudinal studies published in the last five years on the relationship between PPIs and fracture risk. The mechanism underlying this relationship was also explored. Overall, PPIs were positively associated with elevated fracture risk in multiple studies (n = 14), although some studies reported no significant relationship (n = 4). Increased gastrin production and hypochlorhydria are the two main mechanisms that affect bone remodeling, mineral absorption, and muscle strength, contributing to increased fracture risk among PPI users. As a conclusion, there is a potential relationship between PPIs and fracture risks. Therefore, patients on long-term PPI treatment should pay attention to bone health status and consider prophylaxis to decrease fracture risk.

show abstract

Section: Mechanism Of Bone Fractures Induced By Ppimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Bone Fractures Induced By Ppimentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Fracture Risk: A Review of Current Evidence and Mechanisms Involved

Thong

Soelaiman

Chin

2019

IJERPH

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The characteristics of identified studies were presented in Table 1. [10,13–26] A total of 15 studies involving 129,347 participants, with sample sizes varying from 52 to 95,205 were included in the present review. The first authors were from the United States of America (7/15, 46.7%), the Netherland (1/15, 6.7%), Switzerland (1/15, 6.7%), Japan (1/15, 6.7%), Korea (1/15, 6.7%), Belgium (1/15, 6.7%), Brazil (1/15, 6.7%), Croatia (1/15, 6.7%), and Israe (1/15, 6.7%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, previous observational studies have indicated that the risk of hypomagnesemia is associated with the use of PPIs, but the results were controversial. For example, Chowdhry et al [10] investigated the clinically significant alteration of serum magnesium levels in 2400 patients treated with various PPIs at different dosages, with or without diuretics. The results revealed that mean magnesium levels remained unchanged in patients treated with PPIs ( P =.40), and there was no statistical difference in the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (14.7% vs 15.1%, P =.77).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the use of proton pump inhibitors increase the risk of hypomagnesemia

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used in the treatment of acid-related diseases; however, the association between the use of PPIs and potential risk of hypomagnesemia is controversial. Methods: In the present study, databases including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and 4 Chinese databases were searched since the inception until April 2018. Previous observational studies on the incidence of hypomagnesemia in individuals exposed to PPIs were included. Results: This systematic review involved 15 studies including 129,347 participants, and the sample size varied from 52 to 95,205. Meta-analysis of 14 studies indicated that the use of PPIs increased the risk of hypomagnesemia [RR, 1.44, 95% CI, 1.13–1.76; I 2 , 85.2%]. Subgroup analysis revealed that the use of PPI was not associated with the incidence of hypomagnesemia in outpatients [RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.83–2.14; I 2 , 41.4%] and hospitalized patients [RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.81–1.29; I 2 , 62.1%], respectively. The use of PPIs was not related to the risk of hypomagnesemia based on the cut-off values of 1.8 mg/dL [RR, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.87–2.58; I 2 , 65.2%], 1.7 mg/dL [RR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.90–2.06; I 2 , 87.6%], and 1.6 mg/dL [RR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.69–1.27; I 2 , 67.9%]. Conclusion: The association between the exposure to PPI and the incidence of hypomagnesemia remained unclear. Due to the remarkable heterogeneity in previous studies, a definitive conclusion could not be drawn. Further research should be conducted to investigate the relationship between the use of individual PPI and potential risk of hypomagnesemia, and a dose-response analysis may be required.

show abstract

“…Analogously, no significant differences between subjects in cure with PPIs at variable doses, with or without associated diuretics, and the control group were observed. On this base, previous studies on hypomagnesemia and PPI use should be reconsidered with caution [ 44 ]. No data are available at the best of our knowledge, regarding magnesium status in pregnant women undergoing PPI use.…”

Section: Mg Interactions With Proton Pump Inhibitor Medicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Magnesium in Pregnancy and in Fetal Programming of Adult Diseases

Fanni

Gerosa

Nurchi

et al. 2020

Biol Trace Elem Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium is an essential trace metal and a necessary factor for multiple biochemical functions in humans. Its role in biology is fundamental in over 600 enzymatic reactions implicated in protein synthesis, mitochondrial functions, neuromuscular activity, bone formation, and immune system competence. Magnesium status is relevant in fetal development during gestation and in the newborn growth during the perinatal period. Moreover, magnesium is able to influence fetal programming and disease presentation in childhood or adulthood. The aim of this review is to focus on this metal homeostasis, analyzing its normal values, the causes of hypomagnesemia, the interaction with drugs and other conditions, and the diseases associated with magnesium value alteration during pregnancy, in order to study its role in fetal programming of adult diseases. The data here reported clearly indicated the existence of a connection between magnesium status and human pathology starting from intrauterine life and extending into childhood and adulthood.

show abstract

Proton pump inhibitors not associated with hypomagnesemia, regardless of dose or concomitant diuretic use

Abstract: Regardless of PPI dosage or concomitant diuretics prescribed, magnesium levels were unaffected. Routine screening of serum magnesium in PPI patients appears unnecessary.

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Fracture Risk: A Review of Current Evidence and Mechanisms Involved

Proton Pump Inhibitors and Fracture Risk: A Review of Current Evidence and Mechanisms Involved

Does the use of proton pump inhibitors increase the risk of hypomagnesemia

The Role of Magnesium in Pregnancy and in Fetal Programming of Adult Diseases

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About