Proton Radii of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>12</mml:mn><mml:mo>–</mml:mo><mml:mn>17</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>Define a Thick Neutron Surface in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:m

Estradé, A.; Kanungo, R.; Horiuchi, W.; Ameil, F.; Atkinson, J.; Ayyad, Y.; Cortina-Gil, D.; Dillmann, I.; Evdokimov, A.; Farinon, F.; Geißel, H.; Guastalla, G.; Janik, R.; Kimura, Masaaki; Knöbel, R.; Kurcewicz, J.; Litvinov, Yu. A.; Marta, M.; Mostazo, M.; Mukha, I.; Nociforo, C.; Ong, H. J.; Piétri, S.; Procházka, A.; Scheidenberger, C.; Sitár, B.; Strmeň, P.; Suzuki, Y.; Takechi, M.; Tanaka, J.; Tanihata, I.; Terashima, S.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez; Weick, H.; Winfield, J. S.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.113.132501

Cited by 70 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[59]. The photon number (24) concentrates at the low-excitation energy and decreases rapidly with increasing excitation energy [29]. In that case, the cross section is more sensitive to the low-energy strength rather than the strength in the giant resonance region.…”

Section: B Coulomb Breakup Cross Sections By Epmmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The cross section behaves as a function of N similarly to the case of the proton target but its magnitude is approximately scaled by Z 2 T , as noted in Eq. (24). In the Coulomb breakup of the nucleus-nucleus collision, the target nucleus can also be excited by the Coulomb force from the projectile.…”

Section: B Coulomb Breakup Cross Sections By Epmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an alternative to the electron scattering, the charge-changing cross section is expected to provide us with the proton radius of light unstable nuclei [23][24][25]. However, since the role of a neutron contribution in the chargechanging process, for example, has not yet been understood, the reaction model is not reliable compared to the calculation of σ R .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracting nuclear sizes of medium to heavy nuclei from total reaction cross sections

et al. 2016

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Background: Proton and neutron radii are fundamental quantities of atomic nuclei. To study the sizes of short-lived unstable nuclei, there is a need for an alternative to electron scattering. Purpose: The recent paper by Horiuchi et al. [Phys. Rev. C 89, 011601(R) (2014)] proposed a possible way of extracting the matter and neutron-skin thickness of light-to medium-mass nuclei using total reaction cross section, σ R . The analysis is extended to medium to heavy nuclei up to lead isotopes with due attention to Coulomb breakup contributions as well as density distributions improved by paring correlation. Methods:We formulate a quantitative calculation of σ R based on the Glauber model including the Coulomb breakup. To substantiate the treatment of the Coulomb breakup, we also evaluate the Coulomb breakup cross section due to the electric dipole field in a canonical-basis-time-dependent-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory in the three-dimensional coordinate space. Results: We analyze σ R 's of 103 nuclei with Z = 20, 28, 40, 50, 70, and 82 incident on light targets, 1,2 H, 4 He, and 12 C. Three kinds of Skyrme interactions are tested to generate those wave functions. To discuss possible uncertainty due to the Coulomb breakup, we examine its dependence on the target, the incident energy, and the Skyrme interaction. The proton is a most promising target for extracting the nuclear sizes as the Coulomb excitation can safely be neglected. We find that the so-called reaction radius, a R = √ σ R /π, for the proton target is very well approximated by a linear function of two variables, the matter radius and the skin thickness, in which three constants depend only on the incident energy. We quantify the accuracy of σ R measurements needed to extract the nuclear sizes. Conclusions:The proton is the best target because, once the incident energy is set, its a R is very accurately determined by only the matter radius and neutron-skin thickness. If σ R 's at different incident energies are measured, one can determine both the proton and neutron radii for unstable nuclei as well. The total reaction cross sections calculated in this paper are given as Supplemental Material for the sake of future measurements.

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Section: B Coulomb Breakup Cross Sections By Epmmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: B Coulomb Breakup Cross Sections By Epmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracting nuclear sizes of medium to heavy nuclei from total reaction cross sections

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“…For B and C isotopes, isotope shift measurements are still limited to nuclei near the stability line. However, a new experimental approach has been recently applied to determine rms radii of point-proton density (proton radii) from charge changing interaction cross sections [109][110][111], and the data of proton radii of Be and B isotopes are now available. Figure 8 shows the N dependence of proton radii in Be, B, and C isotopes combined with those of deformation parameters β p and β n .…”

Section: A Ground State Clustering In Be and B Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisymmetrized molecular dynamics studies for exotic clustering phenomena in neutron-rich nuclei

Kimura¹,

Suhara²,

Kanada-En’yo³

2016

Eur. Phys. J. A

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We present a review of recent works on clustering phenomena in unstable nuclei studied by antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD). The AMD studies in these decades have uncovered novel types of clustering phenomena brought about by the excess neutrons. Among them, this review focuses on the molecule-like structure of unstable nuclei.One of the earliest discussions on the clustering in unstable nuclei was made for neutron-rich Be and B isotopes. AMD calculations predicted that the ground state clustering is enhanced or reduced depending on the number of excess neutrons. Today, the experiments are confirming this prediction as the change of the proton radii. Behind this enhancement and reduction of the clustering, there are underlying shell effects called molecular-and atomic-orbits. These orbits form covalent and ionic bonding of the clusters analogous to the atomic molecules. It was found that this "molecular-orbit picture" reasonably explains the low-lying spectra of Be isotopes. The molecular-orbit picture is extended to other systems having parity asymmetric cluster cores and to the three cluster systems. O and Ne isotopes are the candidates of the former, while the 3α linear chains in C isotopes are the latter. For both subjects, many intensive studies are now in progress.We also pay a special attention to the observables which are the fingerprint of the clustering. In particular, we focus on the monopole and dipole transitions which are recently regarded as good probe for the clustering. We discuss how they have and will reveal the exotic clustering.where X denotes Z i , ν or χ i . λ and µ are arbitrary numbers, but µ must have negative sign. The energy of the system H is defined as (8) As time t being evolved by the Eq. (7), the energy of the system is decreased and we obtain the set of parameters which minimizes the energy of the system. The calculation which employs the eigenstate of the parity Φ π to evaluate the energy is called variation before angular momentum projection (VBP), while the calculation employing the eigenstate of parity and angular momentum Φ Jπ M K is called variation after angular momentum projection (VAP) [42]. In the case of VBP, the angular momentum projection is performed after the energy minimization.To obtain the wave functions which have the configurations different from the energy minimum, the constrained energy minimization is often performed in VBP calculations. For example, the constraint on the quadrupole deformation parameter β is imposed by adding the constraint potential to the energy asHere, the magnitude of constraint potential v β is chosen large enough so that the deformation parameter β of the wave function approximately equals to β 0 after the energy minimization.Another way to obtain the excited configurations is orthogonalization method [42] that is used in VAP calculatons in which the variational wave function is orthogonalized to the energy minimum state By applying this procedure successively, the second, third and more excited configurations are obtained. He...

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“…Figure 2 shows the proton radii for carbon, beryllium, boron and oxygen isotopes. The red-and black-filled circles are the data for 12−19 C, beryllium and boron isotopes extracted in this and our previous work [24][25][26][27].…”

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confidence: 92%

Evidence for prevalent Z = 6 magic number in neutron-rich carbon isotopes

et al. 2018

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The nuclear shell structure, which originates in the nearly independent motion of nucleons in an average potential, provides an important guide for our understanding of nuclear structure and the underlying nuclear forces. Its most remarkable fingerprint is the existence of the so-called magic numbers of protons and neutrons associated with extra stability. Although the introduction of a phenomenological spin–orbit (SO) coupling force in 1949 helped in explaining the magic numbers, its origins are still open questions. Here, we present experimental evidence for the smallest SO-originated magic number (subshell closure) at the proton number six in 13–20C obtained from systematic analysis of point-proton distribution radii, electromagnetic transition rates and atomic masses of light nuclei. Performing ab initio calculations on 14,15C, we show that the observed proton distribution radii and subshell closure can be explained by the state-of-the-art nuclear theory with chiral nucleon–nucleon and three-nucleon forces, which are rooted in the quantum chromodynamics.

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Proton Radii ofB12–17Define a Thick Neutron Surface inB

Cited by 70 publications

References 45 publications

Extracting nuclear sizes of medium to heavy nuclei from total reaction cross sections

Extracting nuclear sizes of medium to heavy nuclei from total reaction cross sections

Antisymmetrized molecular dynamics studies for exotic clustering phenomena in neutron-rich nuclei

Evidence for prevalent Z = 6 magic number in neutron-rich carbon isotopes

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