Protopanaxadiol alleviates obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice via activation of energy-sensing neuron in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

Liu, Chuhe; Liu, Hongli; Zhou, Zhenyu; Li, Junxiao; Chen, Hui; Liu, Yalei; Huang, Cheng; Fan, Shengjie

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.031

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Although weight change is a direct and comprehensive indicator of a health situation, it cannot be used as a pharmacodynamic evaluation indicator. Since PPD has an anti-obesity effect, , myelosuppression appears as a decrease in the number of various types of blood cells in peripheral blood, especially WBCs. To assess the effects of PPD-HSA NPs on CTX-induced myelosuppression in mice, WBC count was used as the primary indicator for pharmacodynamic evaluation, and the effects of PPD-HSA NPs on the LYMPHs and NEUTs were investigated (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles as a Carrier of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol via Intramuscular Injection to Alleviate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Myelosuppression

Liu,

Yang,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Mol. Pharmaceutics

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles as a Carrier of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol via Intramuscular Injection to Alleviate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Myelosuppression

Liu,

Yang,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Mol. Pharmaceutics

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“…BW at 100 mg/kg/day (diet supplement) for 4 weeks (Liu, Li, et al, 2019). Additionally, DIO mice lost 26.8% BW after Rd treatment at 15 mg/kg/day (i.p.)…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, DIO mice lost 5.9% BW after PPD treatment at 5 mg/kg/day (i.p.) for 2 weeks and 12.0% BW at 100 mg/kg/day (diet supplement) for 4 weeks (Liu, Li, et al, 2019). Additionally, DIO mice lost 26.8% BW after Rd treatment at 15 mg/kg/day (i.p.)…”

Section: Saponins In Obesity Pharmacotherapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Rb1 inhibits food consumption either by decreasing neuropeptide Y and increasing peptide YY (PYY) (Lin et al, 2014) or by enhancing the sensitivity of the hypothalamic leptin signaling (Wu, Huang, et al, 2018; Wu, Yu, et al, 2014). Moreover, PPD suppresses food intake, possibly by activating neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (Liu, Li, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Saponins In Obesity Pharmacotherapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural compounds as obesity pharmacotherapies

Zhao,

Wang,

Neely

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

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Obesity has become a serious global public health problem, affecting over 988 million people worldwide. Nevertheless, current pharmacotherapies have proven inadequate. Natural compounds have garnered significant attention due to their potential antiobesity effects. Over the past three decades, ca. 50 natural compounds have been evaluated for the preventive and/or therapeutic effects on obesity in animals and humans. However, variations in the antiobesity efficacies among these natural compounds have been substantial, owing to differences in experimental designs, including variations in animal models, dosages, treatment durations, and administration methods. The feasibility of employing these natural compounds as pharmacotherapies for obesity remained uncertain. In this review, we systematically summarized the antiobesity efficacy and mechanisms of action of each natural compound in animal models. This comprehensive review furnishes valuable insights for the development of antiobesity medications based on natural compounds.

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“…Ginsenosides, the main pharmacological compounds in ginseng, are structurally classified into dammarane- and oleanane-type ginsenosides. Dammarane-type ginsenosides can be further divided into protopanaxadiol (PPD)- and protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides according to the C6 position. , The antitumor activity of ginsenosides decreases as the number of glycoside sugar moieties increases. , The anti-obesity effect of ginsenosides has been evaluated in cells, animals, and humans, and the mechanisms involve appetite, food absorption, adipogenesis, fat oxidation, and energy expenditure. − PPD, but not PPT, alleviated obesity and hypertriglyceridemia in mice fed with a high-fat diet by inhibiting pancreatic lipase . However, the underlying mechanism is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside F2 Suppresses Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells and Obesity in Mice via the AMPK Pathway

Zhou

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Ginsenoside F2 (GF2) is a protopanaxdiol saponin from Panax ginseng leaves and possesses many potential pharmacological properties. GF2 may prevent obesity by directly binding to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and inhibiting adipocyte differentiation. However, the mechanism by which GF2 alleviates obesity is unknown. We therefore explored the anti-adipogenesis and anti-obesity effects of GF2 in vitro and in vivo. GF2 inhibited differentiation and reduced the triglyceride (TG) content of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in the early stage of adipogenesis. Administration of GF2 (50 and 100 mg/kg) to obese mice for 4 weeks reduced the body weight gain, weight of adipose tissues, adipocyte size, and total cholesterol, TG, and AST levels in serum. RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR indicated that GF2 decreased the expression levels of adipokines, including PPARγ, fatty acid synthase, and adiponectin. KEGG enrichment and western blot analyses demonstrated that GF2 accelerated the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, GF2 promoted the biosynthesis of mitochondria in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and GSH-Px in the liver of obese mice. Therefore, GF2 suppressed adipogenesis and obesity by regulating the expression of adipokines and activating the AMPK pathway. Hence, the findings suggest that GF2 may have potential therapeutic implications to treat obesity.

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Protopanaxadiol alleviates obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice via activation of energy-sensing neuron in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles as a Carrier of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol via Intramuscular Injection to Alleviate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Myelosuppression

Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles as a Carrier of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol via Intramuscular Injection to Alleviate Cyclophosphamide-Induced Myelosuppression

Natural compounds as obesity pharmacotherapies

Ginsenoside F2 Suppresses Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells and Obesity in Mice via the AMPK Pathway

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