Protoplast cultures and protoplast fusion focused on Brassicaceae: A review

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The subjects of this article are protoplast isolations and protoplast fusions, in particular their history, a review of factors influencing the protoplasts isolation and fusion, selection of hybrid plants and utilization of somatic hybrids in plant breeding. Somatic hybridization through protoplast fusion can overcome sexual incompatibility among plant species or genera; transfer genes of resistance to diseases (viral, bacterial, fungal), pests, herbicides and others stress factors; obtain cybrid plants; transfer cytoplasmic male sterility or incease content of secondary metabolites in hybrid plants. The article is focussed mainly on the family Brassicaceae because among representatives are significant crops for the human population. Various successful combination of intraspecific, interspecific and intergeneric protoplast fusion were reported between representatives of the family Brassicaceae with the genus Brassica which belonged to the first agricultural crops used for the isolation of protoplast.

Regeneration from leaf explants and protoplasts of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (cauliflower)

“…There is an extensive plant tissue culture literature on Brassica species (reviewed in Cardoza and Stewart, 2004), including research into the production of intra-and intergeneric hybrids of brassicaceae via protoplast fusion (Navrá tilová , 2004). Shoot regeneration from cauliflower tissue culture has been reported by somatic embryogenesis (Deane et al, 1997;Leroy et al, 2000), but protocols aimed at Agrobacterium-mediated transformation rely on adventitious shoot formation from seedling explants.…”

Protoplast isolation and plant regeneration in two cultivated coriander varieties, Co-1 and RS

“…A higher enzyme level was noted to negatively influence the protoplast yield and viability because the pectinase and cellulase enzymes over-digest protoplasts (Raiker et al, 2008). The osmotic conditions of the media are critically important, and several osmotic compounds such as mannitol, sorbitol, glucose, or sucrose are frequently added to the enzyme mixtures and noted to be very effective in a number of studies (Navratilova, 2004). In the present study, the use of 0.6 M mannitol showed the highest viability (85.84%) -significantly higher than with the use of 0.6 M sorbitol.…”

Biotechnological methods utilized in Cucumis research - A review

“…The amplification was checked by melting analysis and electrophoresis (attached to the subset C). Results indicate no significant changes in the expression of the selected gene and callus, mesophyll and mesophyll) and treated with PEG of different molecular mass (1,500-6,000) at a concentration range of 15-45% for 15-30 min, to the final concentration of 10 6 protoplasts per ml (Navrátilová 2004).…”