Prototype Decision-Support System for Designing and Costing Municipal Green Infrastructure

Investigation of the likelihood of green infrastructure (GI) enhancement along linear waterways or on derelict sites (DS) using machine learning

“…These researchers have used weighted linear combination (WLC) and analytical hierarchy approaches (AHP) to define the importance and weight of various criteria to determine suitability (Beames et al, 2018;Kirnbauer and Baetz, 2014). However, selective weights are often based on an expert or analyst's subjective choice, social valuation (Langemeyer et al, 2016) and these approaches are vulnerable to potential biases.…”

Spatially optimised tree plantings to minimise urban heat

“…Recent studies have outlined the multiple benefits urban green space and in particular urban forests provide. These include cooling effects, energy savings, air quality benefits as well as aesthetic, recreational and health benefits (Brown et al, 2013;Kirnbauer and Baetz, 2014;McPherson et al, 2011) and city councils all over the world have started to promote and implement the concept of urban forestry (City of Melbourne, 2012;City of Sydney, 2013;City of Vancouver, 2014). While most urban forestry strategies set tree coverage targets for the next 15 to 35 years, no clear process is outlined that describes where these millions of new trees (and what species) should be planted to maximize the benefits from tree establishment.…”

Cyclists\' physiological stress and network planning and evaluation

“…Figure 4 shows the classification according to the spatial extent of the studies (Urban, Suburban or both). In this figure, a significant number of urban studies can be observed (Kuzmyak et al, 2014;Parks et al, 2013;Goodno et al, 2013;Nuworsoo et al, 2012;Piccinini et al, 2014;Burke et al, 2009;Tefe and Langen, 2007;Pilko et al, 2014;Ebrahimabadi, 2012;Kimbauer and Baetz, 2014;Bisson et al, 2011; Lin and Yu, 2013; Indicator 1. Flow characteristics of motor vehicles in the adjacent road 2.…”

“…Figure 2 shows the analysis of the classification according to the level of the study (Network or Segments, according to Table 4), where there is a predominance of studies at the network level focusing on items of comfort and facilities (Brezina et al, 2012;Nuworsoo et al, 2012;Burke et al, 2009;Ebrahimabadi, 2012;Kimbauer and Baetz, 2014;Bisson et al, 2011;Lin and Yu, 2013;de Leeuw and de Kruijf, 2015;Van den Dool, et al, 2014;Rissel et al, 2013;Surendra, 2015). At the network level, we can observe a concentration of research on cycling infrastructures using surveys and field information in segregated infrastructures (Burke et al, 2009;Pilko et al, 2014;Ebrahimabadi, 2012;Kimbauer and Baetz, 2014;Bisson et al, 2011;Martinek, 2011;Greaves et al, 2015;Evenson et al, 2011;Monsere et al, 2014;Rissel et al, 2013).…”

“…Public Health Gerlach, 2012;Raith et al, 2011;Sturrock and Brinckerhoff, 2006;James, 2015;Evenson et al, 2011;Beukes and Vanderschuren, 2012;Surendra, 2015;Monsere et al, 2014;Clarke, 2008;Goodman and Christopher, 2015;Rissel et al, 2013. Furthermore, in the urban context, a significant number of studies focusing on the items of comfort and amenities can be observed (Parks et al, 2013;Goodno et al, 2013;Nuworsoo et al, 2012;Piccinini et al, 2014;Burke et al, 2009;Ebrahimabadi, 2012;Kimbauer and Baetz, 2014;Bisson et al, 2011;Lin and Yu, 2013;Sturrock and Brinckerhoff, 2006;Surendra, 2015;Goodman and Christopher, 2015;Rissel et al, 2013), as well as numerous studies on the type of infrastructure segregated (Parks et al, 2013;Goodno et al, 2013;Piccinini et al, 2014;Burke et al, 2009;Pilko et al, 2014;Ebrahimabadi, 2012;Kimbauer and Baetz, 2014;Bisson et al, 2011;Gerlach, 2012;Raith et al, 2011;Evenson et al, 2011;Surendra, 2015;Monsere et al, 2014;Goodman and Christopher, 2015;Rissel et al, 2013). Figure 4 shows a smalle...…”