Prototype of an Ambulatory Long-Term ECG Monitoring System for Real Time Detection of QRS Complex and T Wave End Based on FPGA

Garcia-Limon, Jose Alberto; Martínez-Suárez, Frank; Alvarado-Serrano, Carlos

doi:10.1109/cce53527.2021.9633119

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The performance of the detection algorithm of R and Te of the ambulatory long-term ECG monitor was evaluated with 10 records of 15 min with different morphologies from the manually annotated QT database (QTDB) [ 24 ]. The accuracy for R wave detection was of 97.8% in 11,071 analyzed beats ([ 19 ], Table 1). The measurement error for Te was of 5.14 ± 7.07 ms ([ 19 ], Table 2), which was within the tolerance limits of standard deviations compared to the manual measurements performed by the CSE experts [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accuracy for R wave detection was of 97.8% in 11,071 analyzed beats ([ 19 ], Table 1). The measurement error for Te was of 5.14 ± 7.07 ms ([ 19 ], Table 2), which was within the tolerance limits of standard deviations compared to the manual measurements performed by the CSE experts [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to our previous work [ 19 ], the Holter prototype consists of 3 fundamental elements: Xilinx Cmod A7 development board, which contains a low power consumption Artix-7 XC7A35T-ICPG236C family FPGA. Texas Instruments ADS1294 integrated circuit with low power consumption, 4 channels, 24-bit analog-to-digital converters and ECG acquisition module.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two parameters are also stored and sent to a module for display on an LCD screen. To achieve optimal synchronization among the various peripherals and modules implemented in the FPGA, a general state machine is responsible for managing the device’s operation, maintaining an orderly sequence of operation for each of the modules ([ 19 ], Figure 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we present an extended version of the conference paper published in [ 19 ], in which we showed the development of a prototype of an ambulatory long-term ECG monitor based on FPGA for the simultaneous acquisition and storage of three leads, without detailing the real-time detection algorithm of the ECG points used. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to describe in depth the implementation process of the CWT with splines in an FPGA, and its application in the beat-to-beat detection of the ECG points QRS and Te for the measurements of heart rate and RT interval in real time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implementation of Wavelet-Transform-Based Algorithms in an FPGA for Heart Rate and RT Interval Automatic Measurements in Real Time: Application in a Long-Term Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Monitor

García Limón,

Martínez-Suárez,

Alvarado-Serrano

2023

Micromachines

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Cardiovascular diseases are currently the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, there is a need for non-invasive ambulatory (Holter) ECG monitors with automatic measurements of ECG intervals to evaluate electrocardiographic abnormalities of patients with cardiac diseases. This work presents the implementation of algorithms in an FPGA for beat-to-beat heart rate and RT interval measurements based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with splines for a prototype of an ambulatory ECG monitor of three leads. The prototype’s main elements are an analog–digital converter ADS1294, an FPGA of Xilinx XC7A35T-ICPG236C of the Artix-7 family of low consumption, immersed in a low-scale Cmod-A7 development card integration, an LCD display and a micro-SD memory of 16 Gb. A main state machine initializes and manages the simultaneous acquisition of three leads from the ADS1294 and filters the signals using a FIR filter. The algorithm based on the CWT with splines detects the QRS complex (R or S wave) and then the T-wave end using a search window. Finally, the heart rate (60/RR interval) and the RT interval (from R peak to T-wave end) are calculated for analysis of its dynamics. The micro-SD memory stores the three leads and the RR and RT intervals, and an LCD screen displays the beat-to-beat values of heart rate, RT interval and the electrode connection. The algorithm implemented on the FPGA achieved satisfactory results in detecting different morphologies of QRS complexes and T wave in real time for the analysis of heart rate and RT interval dynamics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implementation of Wavelet-Transform-Based Algorithms in an FPGA for Heart Rate and RT Interval Automatic Measurements in Real Time: Application in a Long-Term Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Monitor

García Limón,

Martínez-Suárez,

Alvarado-Serrano

2023

Micromachines

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Long-Term Continuous Ambulatory ECG Monitor with Beat-to-Beat Heart Rate Measurement in Real Time using ESP32

Martínez-Suárez

Garcia-Limon

Rivera-Cordova

et al. 2022

2022 19th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE)

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This work presents a long-term continuous ambulatory ECG monitor for simultaneous acquisition and storage of leads DI, aVF, and V2, and beat-to-beat R wave detection using wavelet transform for heart rate measurement in real-time. The monitor has as its core the low-power ADS1294 analogue front-end of 4 channels, 24bit analog-to-digital converters and programmable gain amplifiers, the low-power dual-core ESP32 microcontroller, a 32 GB micro SD memory for data storage and a 1.4 in thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (LCD) variant with a resolution of 128 x 128 pixels. The monitor has sampling rates of 1000 Hz, 500 Hz, and 250 Hz, bandwidth from 0 Hz to half the selected sampling rate, a CMRR of -115 dB, a resolution of 286 nV, a current consumption of 50 mA for an average battery life of 84 h, a lead-off detection and a real-time beat-to-beat heart rate measurement.

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Prototype of an Ambulatory Long-Term ECG Monitoring System for Real Time Detection of QRS Complex and T Wave End Based on FPGA

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Implementation of Wavelet-Transform-Based Algorithms in an FPGA for Heart Rate and RT Interval Automatic Measurements in Real Time: Application in a Long-Term Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Monitor

Implementation of Wavelet-Transform-Based Algorithms in an FPGA for Heart Rate and RT Interval Automatic Measurements in Real Time: Application in a Long-Term Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Monitor

Long-Term Continuous Ambulatory ECG Monitor with Beat-to-Beat Heart Rate Measurement in Real Time using ESP32

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