Protozoan
            <i>Acanthamoeba polyphaga</i>
            as a Potential Reservoir for
            <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>

Axelsson-Olsson, Diana; Waldenström, Jonas; Broman, Tina; Olsén, Björn; Holmberg, Martin

doi:10.1128/aem.71.2.987-992.2005

Cited by 123 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Acanthamoeba spp., as an opportunistic pathogen, are among the major colonizing pathogen for granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and a common infectious agent in amoebic keratitis (AK) and immunocompromised hosts such as AIDS patients (Siddiqui and Khan 2012;Trabelsi et al 2012). Acanthamoeba is a Trojan horse for microorganisms such as Escherichia coli O157, Legionella pneumophila, Coxiella burnetii, Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Vibrio cholerae, Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter jejuni, Mycobacterium leprae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Axelsson-Olsson et al 2005;Greub and Raoult 2004;Winiecka-Krusnell and Linder 2001). Prevalence of Acanthamoeba is correlated with the amount of organic matter present in the water, and its frequency is high in sediments and biofilms, which constitute ecological niches where they can feed on bacteria (Loret and Greub 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Acanthamoeba spp. from different water sources in Isfahan, central Iran, 2014

et al. 2016

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Acanthamoeba spp. are free-living amoeba found in a wide variety of natural habitats. The high percentage of the presence of Acanthamoeba in different environmental sources represents a sanitary risk for public health, especially immunocompromised patients and contact lens wearers. Acanthamoeba can cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, otitis, lung lesions, and skin infections in individuals with immune deficiencies. In the present study, the status of contamination of water sources in Isfahan, central Iran is analyzed through parasitological method. Totally 93 samples were utilized consisting of 59 samples of tap water and 34 samples of environmental water collected from Isfahan in May and June 2014. After filtering, cultivation was done in non-nutrient agar medium, and then the cultured media were kept at 25-30°C. The samples were analyzed based on the morphological criteria. Acanthamoeba spp. were found in 25 (73.53 %) out of 34 environmental water samples and 17 (28.8 %) out of 59 tap water. Generally, Acanthamoeba spp. were found in 42 (45.16 %) of the samples. The results of the present study showed that the water contamination with Acanthamoeba spp. in different regions of Isfahan can be a potential infection source for at high risk people. It could be suggested that public education and precaution are quiet necessary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Acanthamoeba spp. from different water sources in Isfahan, central Iran, 2014

et al. 2016

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“…Some bacteria, however, are able to resist protozoan grazing, and can survive inside FLP cells. These include various foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter jejuni (Axelsson-Olsson et al, 2005;Baré et al, 2010), Escherichia coli O157:H7 (Barker et al, 1999), Listeria monocytogenes (Zhou et al, 2007), Salmonella spp. (Gaze et al, 2003;Tezcan-Merdol et al, 2004), Staphylococcus aureus (Huws et al, 2008), Arcobacter butzleri (Medina et al, 2014) and Yersinia enterocolitica (Lambrecht et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurrence of free-living protozoa and foodborne pathogens on dishcloths: Implications for food safety

Chavatte

Baré

Lambrecht

et al. 2014

International Journal of Food Microbiology

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In the present study, the occurrence of free-living protozoa (FLP) and foodborne bacterial pathogens on dishcloths was investigated. Dishcloths form a potentially important source of cross-contamination with FLP and foodborne pathogens in food-related environments. First various protocols for recovering and quantifying FLP from dishcloths were assessed. The stomacher technique is recommended to recover flagellates and amoebae from dishcloths. Ciliates, however, were more efficiently recovered using centrifugation. For enumeration of freeliving protozoa on dishcloths, the Most Probable Number method is a convenient method. Enrichment was used to assess FLP diversity on dishcloths (n = 38). FLP were found on 89% of the examined dishcloths; 100% of these tested positive for amoebae, 71% for flagellates and 47% for ciliates. Diversity was dominated by amoebae: vahlkampfiids, vannellids, Acanthamoeba spp., Hyperamoeba sp. and Vermamoeba vermiformis were most common. The ciliate genus Colpoda was especially abundant on dishcloths while heterotrophic nanoflagellates mainly belonged to the genus Bodo, the glissomonads and cercomonads. The total number of FLP in used dishcloths ranged from 10 to 10 4 MPN/cm 2 . Flagellates were the most abundant group, and ciliates the least abundant. Detergent use was identified as a prime determinant of FLP concentrations on used dishcloths. Bacterial load on dishcloths was high, with a mean total of aerobic bacteria of 7.47 log 10 cfu/cm 2 . Escherichia coli was detected in 68% (26/38) of the used dishcloths, with concentrations up to 4 log 10 cfu/cm 2 . Foodborne pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus (19/38), Arcobacter butzleri (5/38) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Halle (1/38) were also present. This study showed for the first time that FLP, including some opportunistic pathogens, are a common and diverse group on dishcloths. Moreover, important foodborne pathogens are also regularly recovered. This simultaneous occurrence makes dishcloths a potential risk factor for cross-contamination and a microbial niche for bacteria-FLP interactions.

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“…in drinking water supplies. However, laboratory based studies have demonstrated C. jejuni growth at ambient temperatures within amoebae [7,8], opening up the possibility for naturally occurring amoebae to prolong the persistence or even growth of C. jejuni within drinking water systems.…”

Section: Future Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoeba-Related Health Risk in Drinking Water Systems: Could Monitoring of Amoebae Be a Complementary Approach to Current Quality Control Strategies?

Codony¹,

Pérez

Adrados

et al. 2011

Future Microbiol.

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Culture-based methods for fecal indicator microorganisms are the standard protocol to assess potential health risk from drinking water systems. However, these traditional fecal indicators are inappropriate surrogates for disinfection-resistant fecal pathogens and the indigenous pathogens that grow in drinking water systems. There is now a range of molecular-based methods, such as quantitative PCR, which allow detection of a variety of pathogens and alternative indicators. Hence, in addition to targeting total Escherichia coli (i.e., dead and alive) for the detection of fecal pollution, various amoebae may be suitable to indicate the potential presence of pathogenic amoeba-resisting microorganisms, such as Legionellae. Therefore, monitoring amoeba levels by quantitative PCR could be a useful tool for directly and indirectly evaluating health risk and could also be a complementary approach to current microbial quality control strategies for drinking water systems.

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Protozoan Acanthamoeba polyphaga as a Potential Reservoir for Campylobacter jejuni

Cited by 123 publications

References 22 publications

Isolation of Acanthamoeba spp. from different water sources in Isfahan, central Iran, 2014

Isolation of Acanthamoeba spp. from different water sources in Isfahan, central Iran, 2014

Co-occurrence of free-living protozoa and foodborne pathogens on dishcloths: Implications for food safety

Amoeba-Related Health Risk in Drinking Water Systems: Could Monitoring of Amoebae Be a Complementary Approach to Current Quality Control Strategies?

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