Protozoan species accrual on artificial islands in differing lentic and wetland systems

Plafkin, James L.; Kuhn, David L.; Cairns, John; Yongue, William H.

doi:10.1007/bf00007429

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…2). PFU samples were harvested at time intervals of 1, 3, 6, 9, 14 days, respectively during the periods of exposure in water, Plafkin et al 7 having demonstrated that species numbers show negligible increase after this time interval. Each time, two PFU blocks were collected as parallel samples for analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 Structural and functional characteristics of entire communities of organisms have been found to be much more reliable for evaluating environmental conditions. 2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Protozoans, which usually are considered to include autotrophic and heterotrophic flagellates, amoebae and ciliates, are important and integral components of aquatic ecosystems. These organisms play a key role in energy flow and mineral cycling in aquatic food webs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of PFU protozoan community structural and functional characteristics in assessment of water quality in a large, highly polluted freshwater lake in China

Cao

Xie

et al. 2005

J. Environ. Monit.

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Structural and functional parameters of protozoan communities colonizing on PFU (polyurethane foam unit) artificial substrate were assessed as indicators of water quality in the Chaohu Lake, a large, shallow and highly polluted freshwater lake in China. Protozoan communities were sampled 1, 3, 6, 9 and 14 days after exposure of PFU artificial substrate in the lake during October 2003. Four study stations with the different water quality gradient changes along the lake were distinguishable in terms of differences in the community's structural (species richness, individual abundance, etc.) and functional parameters (protozoan colonization rates on PFU). The concentrations of TP, TN, COD and BOD as the main chemical indicators of pollution at the four sampling sites were also obtained each year during 2002-2003 for comparison with biological parameters. The results showed that the species richness and PFU colonization rate decreased as pollution intensity increased and that the Margalef diversity index values calculated at four sampling sites also related to water quality. The three functional parameters based on the PFU colonization process, that is, S eq , G and T 90% , were strongly related to the pollution status of the water. The number of protozoan species colonizing on PFU after exposure of 1 to 3 days was found to give a clear comparative indication of the water quality at the four sampling stations. The research provides further evidence that the protozoan community may be utilized effectively in the assessment of water quality and that the PFU method furnishes rapid, cost-effective and reliable information that may be useful for measuring responses to pollution stress in aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of PFU protozoan community structural and functional characteristics in assessment of water quality in a large, highly polluted freshwater lake in China

Cao

Xie

et al. 2005

J. Environ. Monit.

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“…The comparison of species-abundance data among communities from differing environments is a potentially valuable procedure (Patrick, 1968(Patrick, , 1971(Patrick, , 1975Cairns et al, 1972Cairns et al, , 1979Southwood, 1978 ;Plafkin et al, 1980) . Taylor et al (1976) have proposed the use of species-abundance relationships as indicators of environmental stability .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental evaluation of diversity indices as environmental discriminators

Robinson

Sandgren

1984

Hydrobiologia

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Seven diversity indices were calculated for each of fifty-eight microcosm communities . All fifty-eight communities were initiated from equal density inoculations of fourteen algal species . Each microcosm developed in one of six controlled experimental environments ; the environments differing only in their temporal patterns of disturbance . Five linear discriminating techniques were used to evaluate the diversity index most useful for discriminating between these environments . The Shannon-Wiener index was best according to two of the discriminating methodologies and second best using the other techniques . Evenness was best when the Shannon-Wiener index was second best and vice versa .

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“…Colonization of substrates in the upper portion of the water column of the polluted harbor a t Waukegan (station W2) appeared to be more stimulated by higher nutrient levels than inhibited by toxic materials that might be leaching from the sediments. Previous studies have 16/ROSS AND HENEBRY shown that artificial substrates in nutrient-poor, relatively unproductive (oligotrophic) lakes are colonized a t slower rates but reach ultimately higher numbers of protozoan species than in nutrient-rich, relatively productive (eutrophic) waters (Plafkin et al, 1980;Henebry and Cairns 1984;. If colonization had been monitored for a longer time, more species may have accumulated on PF substrates in South Harbor (station W3).…”

Section: In Situ Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of four microbial tests to assess the ecotoxicological hazard of contaminated sediments

Ross

Henebry

1989

Environ. Toxicol. Water Qual.

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Three single-species bioassays (Microtox, Selenastrum capricornutum, and Panagrellus rediuiuus) and a test using microbial communities developed on artificial substrates were used in a series of in situ and laboratory tests evaluating the ecotoxicological hazard of contaminated sediments at two sites on Lake Michigan: Waukegan (Illinois) Harbor and The Chicago Area Confined Disposal Facility Study. In the single-species tests, exposure to elutriates of contaminated sediments significantly inhibited bacterial luminescence, algal photosynthesis, and nematode survival and growth at polluted stations, while elutriates from control stations did not. The battery of three tests is a promising screening tool for in-place pollutants.Protozoan species richness and protozoan phototroph abundance were inhibited by elutriates from contaminated sites, but the abundance of heterotrophic protozoans was enhanced by sediment elutriates from some stations. Microbial community photosynthesis was significantly inhibited by most sediment elutriates, while community respiration was often stimulated; thus, functional responses paralleled the structural changes. Overall, the results of the microbial community tests were consistent with expected patterns of toxicity a t the two sites on Lake Michigan.In general, single-species test results agreed with the community bioassays. Although community tests may be more realistic than single-species bioassays in predicting the impact of sediment contamination on actual ecosystems, caution must be exercised in interpreting the results.

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Protozoan species accrual on artificial islands in differing lentic and wetland systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Use of PFU protozoan community structural and functional characteristics in assessment of water quality in a large, highly polluted freshwater lake in China

Use of PFU protozoan community structural and functional characteristics in assessment of water quality in a large, highly polluted freshwater lake in China

An experimental evaluation of diversity indices as environmental discriminators

Use of four microbial tests to assess the ecotoxicological hazard of contaminated sediments

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