Provenance of a large Lower Cretaceous turbidite submarine fan complex on the active Laurasian margin: Central Pontides, northern Turkey

Akdoğan, Remziye; Okay, Aral I.; Sunal, Gürsel; Tari, Gábor; Meinhold, Guido; Kylander-Clark, Andrew R.C.

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.11.028

Cited by 31 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In this study, we report new U–Pb detrital zircon ages, petrographic data, and paleocurrent measurements from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian‐Maastrichtian) turbidites. To highlight the differences existing between turbidites deposited in the central Pontides before and after the oceanic opening of the Black Sea and also to better constrain the timing of the opening of the Black Sea, we compare our new results with those obtained by Akdoğan et al () and Okay et al () from the Lower Cretaceous turbidites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…During the Mesozoic, the Pontides constituted the southern active margin of the Laurasia and experienced complex successive subduction‐accretion events (Okay & Nikishin, ). The Lower Cretaceous basinal sequence in the central Pontides is represented by a submarine turbidite fan complex developed on the northern active margin of the Tethys Ocean (Akdoğan et al, ; Aygül et al, , ; Okay et al, , ). Recently, Akdoğan et al () and Okay et al () identified detrital zircons of Archean and Paleoproterozoic ages from these turbidites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lower Cretaceous basinal sequence in the central Pontides is represented by a submarine turbidite fan complex developed on the northern active margin of the Tethys Ocean (Akdoğan et al, ; Aygül et al, , ; Okay et al, , ). Recently, Akdoğan et al () and Okay et al () identified detrital zircons of Archean and Paleoproterozoic ages from these turbidites. They proposed that the East European Craton north of the Black Sea was the major source for the Lower Cretaceous turbidites, pointing out that the Black Sea was not open during the deposition of the Lower Cretaceous turbidites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Striking Variation in the Provenance of the Lower and Upper Cretaceous Turbidites in the Central Pontides (Northern Turkey) Related to the Opening of the Black Sea

2019

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The Lower and Upper Cretaceous turbidites cover large areas in the central Pontides (north-central Turkey). The Lower Cretaceous turbidites are over 2 km thick and are exposed in an area of 400 × 90 km. The Upper Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) forearc turbidites are up to 1,200 m thick and crop out in NW-SE trending elongate basins about 40 km wide, extending along the central and eastern Pontides. We present new detrital zircon U-Pb ages, petrography, and paleocurrent measurements from the Campanian-Maastrichtian turbidites and compare them to those from the Lower Cretaceous turbidites. The Campanian-Maastrichtian sandstones are dominated by carbonate and magmatic lithic grains. The paleocurrents indicate paleoflow directions parallel to the axis of the basin. The sandstones are dominated by Late Cretaceous zircons indicating derivation mainly from the coeval magmatic arc. In contrast, the Lower Cretaceous sandstones are dominated by quartz and feldspar, and paleocurrents indicate southward transport. The detrital zircons in the Lower Cretaceous sandstones are mainly Archean and Paleoproterozoic, indicating that in the Early Cretaceous, the source of turbidites was from the Archean-Paleoproterozoic Ukrainian Shield to the north. After the opening of the Black Sea in the Late Cretaceous, the connection between the Pontides and the East European Platform was severed and the Campanian-Maastrichtian turbidites were sourced principally from the magmatic arc in the Pontides. Our results indicate that the Campanian-Maastrichtian turbidites represent the first turbiditic sequence deposited after the opening of the Black Sea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Striking Variation in the Provenance of the Lower and Upper Cretaceous Turbidites in the Central Pontides (Northern Turkey) Related to the Opening of the Black Sea

2019

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“…Albian volcaniclastic sandstones are reported from the central Sakarya Basin (Yilmaz, ); however, Albian magmatic rocks are not known from the Pontides (Akdoğan et al, ). The virtual absence of Cenomanian to Coniacian zircons in the intrabasinal sediments indicates lack of contemporaneous magmatism, which is in keeping with the stratigraphic sequence in the central Sakarya Basin, where magmatism starts in the Campanian.…”

Section: Alacaatlı Olistostromes: Mass Flows With Pelagic Limestone Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Late Cretaceous Mass Flows in Central Turkey Recording the Disruption of the Mesozoic Continental Margin

2019

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The newly recognized Upper Cretaceous (~87 Ma) olistostrome belt in central Turkey west of Ankara extends for more than 112 km subparallel to the Izmir-Ankara suture with a width of 10 km. The Alacaatlı Olistostromes are stratigraphically underlain by a Triassic basement, and are up to 2 km thick. Over 80% of the blocks in the olistostromes consist of pelagic limestones, which reach up to 300 m in size; other blocks include basalt, chert, serpentinite, tuff, and sandstone. The limestone blocks are Jurassic and Cretaceous in age with micropaleontology documenting the presence of Callovian-Oxfordian, Tithonian, Berriasian, Aptian, Albian, Cenomanian, and Turonian stages. The flows are separated by intrabasinal sediments of shale, siltstone, and volcaniclastic sandstone with Albian (108-101 Ma) detrital zircons. The olistostromes show minor tectonic deformation, and are unconformably overlain by Santonian pelagic limestones. The deposition of the Alacaatlı Olistostromes was followed by arc magmatism, which started in the Campanian (~78 Ma) after a period of shortening and uplift, and the region became a fore-arc basin with deposition of shale and volcaniclastic sandstone with Campanian (78-72 Ma) detrital zircons. A number of peculiar features of these olistostromes including rapid uplift and erosion before the creation of a deep, short-lived (89-86 Ma) ephemeral basin, dominance of deep marine limestone blocks, and inception of arc magmatism approximately 9 Myr after their deposition indicate a major tectonic event involving the disruption of the continental margin prior to the onset of arc magmatism. This event is interpreted as a change from transform margin to subduction.

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“…During the Middle Jurassic a magmatic arc developed above the Sakarya Zone as evident from granitoids with associated LP/HT metamorphic rocks and arc volcanic rocks (Çimen et al, 2016;Okay et al, 2014;Yılmaz & Boztuğ, 1986). This composite basement was unconformably overlain by Upper Jurassic limestones and Lower Cretaceous turbidites (Akdoğan et al, 2017;Hippolyte et al, 2010;Okay et al, 2013;Tüysüz, 1999).…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic Stacking of HP/LT Metamorphic Rocks in Accretionary Wedges and the Role of Shallowing Slab‐Mantle Decoupling

Aygül

Oberhänsli

2017

Tectonics

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High‐pressure/low‐temperature (HP/LT) chloritoid‐bearing micaschists crop out widely in the central part of northern Turkey and represent deep‐seated subduction‐accretionary complexes. Three peak metamorphic assemblages are identified in the area studied: (1) garnet‐chloritoid‐glaucophane with pseudomorphs after lawsonite; (2) chloritoid with pseudomorphs after glaucophane; and (3) chloritoid with pseudomorphs after jadeite in addition to phengite, paragonite, quartz, chlorite, rutile, and apatite. The latter is interpreted as transformation of a chloritoid + glaucophane assemblage to chloritoid + jadeite with increasing pressure; PT modeling indicates ~17 and 22–25 kbars for the two peak parageneses. The diversity of peak metamorphic assemblages and the PT estimates suggest that basal accretion occurred at different depths within the wedge. The depth of the basal accretion is possibly controlled by the slab‐mantle decoupling depth. Stretching and thinning of the lithospheric fore arc induced by the slab rollback possibly caused shallowing of the slab‐mantle decoupling depth which limited depth of the basal accretion from 70–80 km to ~55 km within the subduction channel. A slab‐mantle coupling depth‐controlled basal accretion may also explain the scarcity of eclogite and high‐grade blueschist facies metamorphic rocks in active intraoceanic subduction zones. Because the overriding plate is young and hot in intraoceanic subductions, the slab and mantle are coupled at a relatively shallow depth before eclogitization of the oceanic crust. This prevents accretion and exhumation of eclogite along the subduction channel.

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Provenance of a large Lower Cretaceous turbidite submarine fan complex on the active Laurasian margin: Central Pontides, northern Turkey

Cited by 31 publications

References 86 publications

Striking Variation in the Provenance of the Lower and Upper Cretaceous Turbidites in the Central Pontides (Northern Turkey) Related to the Opening of the Black Sea

Striking Variation in the Provenance of the Lower and Upper Cretaceous Turbidites in the Central Pontides (Northern Turkey) Related to the Opening of the Black Sea

Major Late Cretaceous Mass Flows in Central Turkey Recording the Disruption of the Mesozoic Continental Margin

Tectonic Stacking of HP/LT Metamorphic Rocks in Accretionary Wedges and the Role of Shallowing Slab‐Mantle Decoupling

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