Provider quality and barriers to care for transgender people: An analysis of data from the Wisconsin transgender community health assessment

Salkas, Shor; Conniff, James; Budge, Stephanie L.

doi:10.1080/15532739.2017.1369484

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We utilized a community‐based participatory research (CBPR) approach to design this survey, collaborating with members of the Wisconsin Transgender Health Coalition and LGBTQ+ youth leaders. The survey design group reviewed existing youth surveys, including the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the Dane County Youth Assessment, and a previously conducted needs assessment survey of transgender adults in Wisconsin . Consensus decision‐making was used to select relevant questions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

At the Margins: Comparing School Experiences of Nonbinary and Binary‐Identified Transgender Youth

Allen

Andert²,

Botsford³

et al. 2020

Journal of School Health

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BACKGROUND Transgender, nonbinary, and gender nonconforming (TNG) young people are a diverse group, including young people with gender identities beyond the gender binary. Whereas nonbinary youth experience disparities in victimization and mental health, school belonging, support, and resources have not been well described. METHODSWe conducted an online survey of TNG young people (ages 12-22) in Wisconsin to assess school belonging, safety, support, and resources. We compared responses among participants with nonbinary versus binary identities using mulvariate analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of covariance, chi-square and logistic regression analysis. RESULTSA total of 287 TNG young people met inclusion criteria (average age 18.2 ± 2.5 years). More than 40% of participants identified as nonbinary. Nonbinary participants were less likely to be out to teachers, but more likely to utilize supportive staff as a resource compared to binary-identified TNG peers. There were no significant differences in school safety and belonging.CONCLUSIONS Most school experiences do not vary significantly between TNG young people with binary versus nonbinary gender identities, though nonbinary young people are less likely to be out at school. Future research should examine factors that impact whether nonbinary young people share their gender identity and access school support services.Citation: Allen BJ, Andert B, Botsford J, Budge SL, Rehm JL. At the margins: comparing school experiences of nonbinary and binary-identified transgender youth.T ransgender, nonbinary, and gender nonconforming (TNG) people have been increasingly recognized as a diverse group including individuals that span geography and culture. 1-3 Day-to-day stress related to discrimination, internalized and externalized transphobia, and victimization, well-outlined in the Intersectional Ecological Model of LGBTQ health, is a widely accepted explanation for mental health and a Assistant Professor, (bjallen@pediatrics.wisc.edu), Indicates CHES continuing education hours are available. Also available at http://www.ashaweb.org/continuing_education.html physical health as well as socioeconomic disparities seen in TNG populations. 4 For most young people, school experiences are central in the day-to-day structure of their lives and social relationships; therefore, experiences of discrimination, safety, and belonging at school are critical to understand in assessing how these environments impact the wellness of TNG young people.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

At the Margins: Comparing School Experiences of Nonbinary and Binary‐Identified Transgender Youth

Allen

Andert²,

Botsford³

et al. 2020

Journal of School Health

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“…Although the need to medically transition, as well as the higher rates of psychological distress indicate that this group should interact with health services more often than the general population, previous findings suggest that they often avoid seeking help (McNeil et al, 2012). This study aims to build on existing literature which has found that stigma is often a barrier to health seeking behaviors (Clement et al, 2015;Eisenberg et al, 2009;Salkas et al, 2018) by examining health seeking behaviors among transgender people.…”

Section: Aims and Objectives Of The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the strengths of this study is that it addresses a gap in the literature. Few studies have looked at health seeking behaviors among transgender people, and those that have are predominantly based in the UK and the USA (Heng et al, 2018;Salkas et al, 2018). This is the first study to date to examine health seeking behaviors among the Irish transgender community.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aside from demographic factors, perceived stigma has been shown to be a major influence on help seeking behaviors (Clement et al, 2015;Eisenberg, Downs, Golberstein, & Zivin, 2009;Heng, Heal, Banks, & Preston, 2018;Salkas, Conniff, & Budge, 2018). According to Bauer et al (2009), transgender people are one of the most stigmatized groups in society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seeking help when transgender: Exploring the difference in mental and physical health seeking behaviors between transgender and cisgender individuals in Ireland

Howell

Maguire

2019

International Journal of Transgenderism

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Background: While there is growing awareness of the need to support the physical and mental wellbeing of transgender people, some may be reluctant to seek help from healthcare professionals. Little is understood about the mechanisms that influence help-seeking behavior in this group. Aims: This study aimed to compare transgender and cisgender participants in their likelihood to seek help for both physical and mental health conditions, and to explore whether this help-seeking behavior is predicted by a range of sociodemographic and psychological variables. Methods: 123 participants living in Ireland (cisgender¼ 67; transgender¼ 56) completed a questionnaire which included demographic questions, as well as measures of optimism (LOT-R), self-esteem (RSES), psychological distress (GHQ-12), attitudes towards seeking psychological help (ATSPPH-SF), and attitudes towards seeking help for a physical health problem (Attitudes Towards Seeking Medical Help Scale-Action/Intervention subscale). Associations between predictor variables and mental and physical health seeking were explored using correlation analysis and stepwise regressions. Results: Transgender participants were less likely to seek help for a physical health issue than cisgender participants, but did not differ in mental health help-seeking behaviors. Results suggest that this may be due to differences in optimism, self-esteem and psychological distress. Transgender participants had significantly lower optimism and self-esteem, which were two factors linked to poorer physical health seeking behaviors. Optimism also emerged as a significant predictor in mental health seeking behaviors. Discussion: The lack of a significant difference for mental health help-seeking between the transgender and cisgender participants is encouraging, as it suggests that there is less stigma surrounding mental illness than expected, however findings also contradict previous findings suggesting that physical health is less stigmatized. This could be due to stigma relating to gender-specific healthcare and suggests that healthcare professionals should acknowledge the specific healthcare needs and concerns among transgender individuals.

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“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Other prevalent health conditions among transgender women can contribute to an increase in sexual health risk, including discriminationbased physical and verbal abuse, homicide, poor mental health, alcohol and drug use, and other unmet health needs resulting from limited health care access and negative health care encounters. 1,2,[14][15][16][17][18][19] Thus, there is a need for prevention activities that address the social and structural factors contributing to high HIV incidence rates among transgender women. 11,[20][21][22][23] In addition, the multiplicity of contextual factors influencing the sexual behavior of transgender women highlights the need to address areas of sexual health beyond HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as healthy relationships and communicating about sexual anatomy in a gender-affirming way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Findings from Formative Research to Develop a Strength-Based HIV Prevention and Sexual Health Promotion mHealth Intervention for Transgender Women

et al. 2019

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Purpose: Transgender women experience significant health disparities, including increased risk of HIV infection. In this study, we examined the sexual health needs of transgender women in the context of their overall health and well-being and to identify overarching content framing strategies and content for a mobile health intervention. Methods: We conducted four focus groups and 20 individual in-depth interviews in the United States with racially and geographically diverse transgender women. Results: Four key themes were identified: structural factors as a central part of health; prioritization of transitionrelated care and mental health; the need for sexual health beyond preventing sexually transmitted infections and HIV; and the importance of connection and community. Conclusions: These themes can help inform the development of HIV prevention and sexual health promotion interventions for transgender women. The results suggest that the HIV and sexual health needs of transgender women should be addressed within the context of structural factors with a focus on resilience, community connection, and social support.

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Provider quality and barriers to care for transgender people: An analysis of data from the Wisconsin transgender community health assessment

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

At the Margins: Comparing School Experiences of Nonbinary and Binary‐Identified Transgender Youth

At the Margins: Comparing School Experiences of Nonbinary and Binary‐Identified Transgender Youth

Seeking help when transgender: Exploring the difference in mental and physical health seeking behaviors between transgender and cisgender individuals in Ireland

Findings from Formative Research to Develop a Strength-Based HIV Prevention and Sexual Health Promotion mHealth Intervention for Transgender Women

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