Proving Sustainability: The International Development Monitoring Initative

Abstract

Nearly a billion people in the world lack access to safe drinking water, two billion have inadequate sanitation facilities, three billion use biomass for their daily energy needs and nearly half the world's population live in rural isolation, lacking access to the most basic human services. Combined, these limitations are a leading cause of the perpetuating cycle of poverty and political insecurity. Meanwhile, the majority of international development agencies are responsible for self-reporting project outcomes. At best, expert spot-checks are conducted in the field occasionally. These results tend to show individual project success, while metasurveys indicate on-going challenges in the sector.This disconnect may be addressed through independent data monitoring technologies that provide objective data on system performance and use and can be used to demonstrate success and identify project weaknesses. By demonstrating which technologies and programs are truly successful, these successes can be targeted for scaling, through savings realized by eliminating unsuccessful approaches. This will benefit developing communities by providing proven and accountable programs.The Sustainable Water, Energy and Environmental Technologies Laboratory, the SWEETLab™, at Portland State University is working with partners to demonstrate this concept across several applications and countries. The SWEETSense™ technology can provide objective, qualitative and continuous operational data on the usage and performance of programs across a range of sectors and communities. The data is then directly integrated into SWEETData™, an internet database presenting summary statistics on performance and usage of the monitored technologies to front-end users.The SWEETLab™ is currently demonstrating this concept in water, sanitation, household energy and rural infrastructure programs with diverse partners including Mercy Corps, the Lemelson Foundation, Bridges to Prosperity, Manna Energy Limited and Vestergaard Frandsen, in several countries including Indonesia, Haiti, Guatemala and Rwanda.Remote monitoring systems are an innovative method to ensure the success of appropriate technology projects. Rather than infrequent engagement, remote monitoring systems ensure that community partnerships are maintained through continuous monitoring. This approach seeks to raise the quality and accountability of these projects internationally.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Fertilisers Derived from Human Excreta in Agriculture and Their Perception in Antananarivo, Madagascar

“…It is however difficult to make a definite statement about the local acceptability of fertilisers derived from Human excreta because of potential interviewer-related bias. In market research and customer satisfaction interviews it is common for a 'courtesy bias' to occur: respondents give the answers they think the interviewer is expecting and not their true opinion so as to not cause offence [66,67]. According to the interview responses, potential barriers to the use of fertilisers derived from human excreta would not come from a moral prejudice but would rather be related to low purchase power or lack of awareness about new products.…”

Nine Principles for Design for the Developing World as Derived From the Engineering Literature

“…Other products are designed with the help and support of NGO workers and development workers in nonengineering fields. Other experiences and ways to measure the sustainability of projects are also found in the literature [116][117][118].…”

Information and Communications Technologies for Sustainable Development Goals: State-of-the-Art, Needs and Perspectives

“…As reported in [116] that a large portion of world population have difficulties in obtaining accesses to the very basic services for human. For example, some people still hardly receive safe drinking water or the sanitation facilities.…”