Proximal Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Thyroid Mass: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cumbo-Nacheli, Gustavo; Sanctis, Jorgelina T. de; Chung, Mathew H.

doi:10.1089/thy.2006.0293

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although the thyroid is a highly vascularized organ (being second after the adrenal gland), clinically significant metastases to the thyroid are uncommon [2,3,4]. Previously published studies on necrotic studies revealed that asymptomatic lesions are not unusual, as we assumed in the past, and they seem to occur more frequently than primary carcinomas of the gland [2, 5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Diffuse Goiter and Severe Hypothyroidism due to Metastasis to the Thyroid

Gkountouvas

Chatjimarkou²,

Sevastiadou³

et al. 2010

Case Rep Oncol

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Despite the fact that the thyroid is a highly vascularized organ, clinically significant metastatic spread to the thyroid is considered uncommon. Hypothyroidism due to these metastases seldom occurs. A 68-year-old female patient came to our department because of rapid enlargement of the lower anterior part of the neck, which developed within 2 months. She had a history of poorly differentiated esophageal adenocarcinoma diagnosed 4 years ago, for which she underwent surgical removal of the neoplasm and received three cycles of chemotherapy. On physical examination, the clinical diagnosis was hypothyroidism with large, diffuse, firm goiter, and enlarged firm and fixed cervical lymph nodes. Thyroid and cervical ultrasound examination revealed significant diffuse enlargement of the thyroid, which was heterogeneous and hypoechogenic without focal lesions and multiple pathologically enlarged cervical lymph nodes. Laboratory examination revealed increased TSH levels with decreased free T₄ and T₃ levels. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid revealed a metastatic adenocarcinoma. Our patient received external beam radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but unfortunately she passed away 4 months after diagnosis. Therefore, in case of a new (focal or diffuse) lesion in the thyroid gland in a patient with a history of malignant disease, regardless of the time elapsed since the diagnosis of the primary neoplasm, relapse of the preexisting disease must be considered until proven otherwise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The incidence of metastatic disease to the thyroid ranged from 1.25 to 24% in previous studies [2, 3]. Although the thyroid is a highly vascularized organ (being second after the adrenal gland), clinically significant metastases to the thyroid are uncommon [2,3,4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse Goiter and Severe Hypothyroidism due to Metastasis to the Thyroid

Gkountouvas

Chatjimarkou²,

Sevastiadou³

et al. 2010

Case Rep Oncol

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“…ITM originating from the gastro-esophagus is poorly documented. A review of the English-language literature, searching for patients with secondary cancerous growth in the thyroid formed by transmission of tumor cells from primary esophageal and gastric carcinoma disclosed a total of four [9-12] and five reported cases [7,13-16], respectively. This article presents an additional case of thyroid metastasis from esophageal carcinoma occurring in a Chinese man and reviews the related references.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common primary sites are the kidney, breast, and lung (see related references [3-6]). To the best of our knowledge there is little information to date in the English literature about thyroid metastasis from the esophagus, except for four published cases [9-12]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In clinical practice, metastatic involvement of the thyroid is usually characterized by an indolent growth pattern, which results in few visible indications of the illness and difficulty in making a differential diagnosis from other primary thyroid neoplasms [8]. Thyroid metastasis from the esophagus has only been reported in four cases in the English literature [9-12]. Herein, a further case is reported of metastasis of esophageal carcinoma to the thyroid, which was misdiagnosed in the first place as primary thyroid carcinoma with unilateral lymph node metastasis, and a systematic literature review shows that this is the first case of this rare condition to be described in eastern China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metastasis of distal esophageal carcinoma to the thyroid with presentation simulating primary thyroid carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

et al. 2014

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Metastasis to the thyroid is extremely rare. There is a lack of awareness of and adequate preparation for this situation, especially in an individual without a past history of malignancy. We describe a rare case of a 61-year-old man in whom a primary distal esophageal carcinoma gave rise to a metastatic palpable mass in the thyroid gland. Palliative bilateral near-total thyroidectomy was performed with pathology showing squamous cell carcinoma and tracheostomy was carried out simultaneously due to airway compression with related symptoms. A review of the literature only reveals 4 similar cases. Secondary neoplasm of the thyroid mimicking a primary malignant lesion is seldom encountered, however, in order to make appropriate treatment, the most critical problem is to distinguish the difference between the above two and the final diagnosis can only be confirmed on pathologic examination. Although the prognosis of thyroid metastasis is commonly felt to be poor, improvement of living quality and prolongation of survival may be obtained in such patients through correct diagnosis and treatment.

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Fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of secondary malignant tumors of the thyroid gland: A single‐institution experience of 17 cases

Zhang,

Lei,

Chen

et al. 2024

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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BackgroundFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is the most commonly used preoperative pathological diagnostic tool for thyroid tumors. Secondary malignant tumors of the thyroid gland account for less than 3% of all thyroid malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the types and cytopathological features of secondary thyroid tumors, evaluate diagnostic pitfalls in FNA.MethodsCases of secondary thyroid tumors diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were collected, and their clinical data, cytologic features, immunohistochemical results, and histopathological diagnoses were summarized.ResultsThe study included 17 cases (8 males and 9 females) with a mean age of 60.4 ± 9.4 years (range, 45–83 years). Six cases had a known history of primary malignancy prior to FNA aspiration diagnosis. The most common organs of origin were the lungs (5 cases, 3 adenocarcinoma, and 2 small‐cell carcinoma) and esophagus (5 cases, 3 squamous‐cell carcinoma, 1 adenocarcinoma, and 1 small‐cell carcinoma). The next most common was squamous‐cell carcinoma of the larynx (3 cases), and gastric tumor (2 cases), including 1 lymphoma and 1 adenocarcinoma. Cell blocks and immunohistochemistry were performed in 12 of these cases. Comparison of the impact of positive history and IHC availability on the accuracy of pathologic diagnosis showed that both were statistically significant.ConclusionFNA is an effective means of diagnosing secondary malignancies of the thyroid, in which knowledge of the patient's history of malignancy is essential, and the use of cell blocks and immunohistochemistry helps to clarify the pathological diagnosis.

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Proximal Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Thyroid Mass: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Diffuse Goiter and Severe Hypothyroidism due to Metastasis to the Thyroid

Diffuse Goiter and Severe Hypothyroidism due to Metastasis to the Thyroid

Metastasis of distal esophageal carcinoma to the thyroid with presentation simulating primary thyroid carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

Fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of secondary malignant tumors of the thyroid gland: A single‐institution experience of 17 cases

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