Proximate composition, histochemical analysis and microstructural localisation of nutrients in immature and mature seeds of marama bean (Tylosema esculentum) – An underutilised food legume

Mosele, Minah Mmoni; Hansen, Åse; Hansen, Michael; Schulz, Alexander; Martens, Helle Juel

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.02.017

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…An intense yellow/orange fluorescence from pectins (Sun et al, 2008;Moura et al, 2010;Mosele et al, 2011) was visible in the cell walls of the storage cotyledons cells (Figures 2A and 2B) after staining with coriphosphine O. This corresponds well with the high amount of pectin (mainly rhamnogalaturonans) present in soybeans (Huisman et al, 1998(Huisman et al, , 2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…This corresponds well with the high amount of pectin (mainly rhamnogalaturonans) present in soybeans (Huisman et al, 1998(Huisman et al, , 2003. Besides being used as a stain for detection of pectin in plant sources (Mosele et al, 2011), coriphosphine O is known to stain other cell components such as DNA and RNA (Mezzanotte et al, 1981) which can also be seen as labelling of nuclei in Figure 2B. Alcian blue is a dye with high affinity for pectic substances (Gunawardena et al, 2007;Arend et al, 2008) and was used to support the results found with coriphosphine O staining showing pectin solubilisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Enzymatic Solubilisation and Degradation of Soybean Fibre Demonstrated by Viscosity, Fibre Analysis and Microscopy

Ravn¹,

Martens²,

Pettersson³

et al. 2015

JAS

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The effect of a commercial multienzyme product obtained by fermentation from Aspergillus aculeatus on soybean and soybean meal was investigated using viscosity measurements, dietary fibre component analysis and different microscopy techniques utilizing histochemical dyes and antibody labelling. The results obtained demonstrated a strong viscosity reducing effect of the enzyme preparation on soluble galactomannan and xyloglucan polysaccharides and in addition non-starch polysaccharide analysis demonstrated a notable solubilisation of all polysaccharide constituents. The degradation of these components as native integral parts of cell walls upon exposure to the enzyme was visualized with microscopy. Two histochemical dyes, coriphosphine O and alcian blue were successfully used to follow pectin solubilisation after enzyme treatment. Commercial antibodies recognizing specific components of pectin and hemicellulose components of soybean cell wall were also used to visualize several enzyme activities in the commercial enzyme preparation The challenges of using commercial antibodies elicited from a given plant source to detect similar epitiopes on another plant source are also discussed. Non-starch polysaccharide analysis of the insoluble dietary fibre constituents before and after enzyme treatment corroborated the visualized mode of action demonstrated by microscopy. The combination of techniques provided visual and quantitative measurements of the solubilisation and degradation of hemicellulose pectic soybean cell wall components as part of the undesirable antinutrients in animal feed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Enzymatic Solubilisation and Degradation of Soybean Fibre Demonstrated by Viscosity, Fibre Analysis and Microscopy

Ravn¹,

Martens²,

Pettersson³

et al. 2015

JAS

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“…2b, d, f), suggesting that these were protein bodies. In a similar manner, the protein bodies in marama and soya stained blue when treated in the same way (Amonsou et al 2011;Mosele et al 2011). TEM of the Bauhinia grains also showed circular, electron dense protein bodies in cross-section surrounded by networks of lipid bodies similar to what was observed in the soya bean (Fig.…”

Section: Microstructure Of Protein In Bauhinia Grainsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Chemical composition and microstructure of Bauhinia grains

2014

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Bauhinia is a leguminous plant species found in almost every part of the world, including southern Africa. In this study, grain composition and protein body microstructure of two indigenous southern African Bauhinia species, B. galpinii and B. petersiana were determined. Protein (38 g/100 g) and fat (23 g/100 g) were the major constituents of Bauhinia. Bauhinia grains also contained substantial amounts of zinc (6 mg/100 g) and iron (3 mg/100 g) when compared to FAO/WHO standards. The parenchyma cells of Bauhinia showed spherical protein bodies with globoids inclusions and these were surrounded by lipids. However, the protein bodies of B. petersiana were smaller in size (7±3 μm) than those of B. galpinii (13±4 μm). The microstructure of protein bodies in Bauhinia is very similar to that of soya, suggesting that the processing technology developed for soya protein may be adopted for Bauhinia.

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“…Their seed coats, which are removed before consumption, are reddish to brownish black in colour (National Research Council, 1979). Previous work of mature marama seeds (Bower et al, 1988;Amarteifio and Moholo, 1998;Holse et al, 2010;Mosele et al, 2011) has indicated that they are a rich source of proteins and lipids, both above 30%, making them comparable to soya bean and peanut. They also have a considerable content of dietary fibre (19-27%), and mineral content is similar to that of peanut and approaching that of soya bean (Holse et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also have a considerable content of dietary fibre (19-27%), and mineral content is similar to that of peanut and approaching that of soya bean (Holse et al, 2010). The immature seeds are rich in proteins containing around 21% (w/w) (Mosele et al, 2011). Other studies have focused on the quality of marama bean oil (Mitei et al, 2008) and characterisation of the fatty acids, phytosterols and vitamin E compounds in the oil (Mitei et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of the arabinose-rich carbohydrate composition of immature and mature marama beans (Tylosema esculentum)

et al. 2011

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Proximate composition, histochemical analysis and microstructural localisation of nutrients in immature and mature seeds of marama bean (Tylosema esculentum) – An underutilised food legume

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Enzymatic Solubilisation and Degradation of Soybean Fibre Demonstrated by Viscosity, Fibre Analysis and Microscopy

Enzymatic Solubilisation and Degradation of Soybean Fibre Demonstrated by Viscosity, Fibre Analysis and Microscopy

Chemical composition and microstructure of Bauhinia grains

Characterisation of the arabinose-rich carbohydrate composition of immature and mature marama beans (Tylosema esculentum)

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