Proximity of fast food restaurants to schools: Do neighborhood income and type of school matter?

Simon, Paul; Kwan, David H.; Angelescu, Aida; Shih, Margaret; Fielding, Jonathan E.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.021

Cited by 112 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is consistent with findings from a recent study in New Zealand where food environments surrounding schools were characterized by a high density of fast-food outlets and convenience stores, particularly in more socially deprived settings (44) . As underscored by Simon et al (p. 288) (20) :…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Obesogenic neighbourhoods: the impact of neighbourhood restaurants and convenience stores on adolescents’ food consumption behaviours

Tucker

Irwin

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between the neighbourhood food environment and dietary intake among adolescents.DesignCross-sectional design using: (i) a geographic information system to assess characteristics of the neighbourhood food environment and neighbourhood socio-economic status; (ii) the modified Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to assess participants’ overall diet quality; and (iii) generalized linear models to examine associations between HEI and home and school food environmental correlates.SettingMid-sized Canadian city in Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsGrade 7 and 8 students (n810) at twenty-one elementary schools.ResultsStudents living in neighbourhoods with a lower diversity of land-use types, compared with their higher diversity counterparts, had higher HEI scores (P< 0·05). Students with more than 1 km between their home and the nearest convenience store had higher HEI scores than those living within 1 km (P< 0·01). Students attending schools with a distance further than 1 km from the nearest convenience store (P< 0·01) and fast-food outlet (P< 0·05) had higher HEI scores than those within 1 km. Those attending schools with three or more fast-food outlets within 1 km had lower HEI scores than those attending schools with no fast-food outlet in the school surroundings (P< 0·05).ConclusionsClose proximity to convenience stores in adolescents’ home environments is associated with low HEI scores. Within adolescents’ school environments, close proximity to convenience and fast-food outlets and a high density of fast-food outlets are associated with low HEI scores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Obesogenic neighbourhoods: the impact of neighbourhood restaurants and convenience stores on adolescents’ food consumption behaviours

Tucker

Irwin

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…This is particularly true of Canadian schools where a nationally or provincially supported school meal programme does not exist. Previous research (32,33) highlights a positive association between neighbourhood deprivation and access to fast-food outlets. Our findings indicate that students attending schools located in low-income neighbourhoods may be even more likely to purchase foods from the external food environment, and therefore may be at an increased risk of obesity and other nutritionrelated chronic diseases (2,34) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Examining local-level factors shaping school nutrition policy implementation in Ontario, Canada

Vine

Elliott

2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Increasing numbers of overweight and obese youth draw attention to the school as an important setting for targeted nutrition interventions, given that it is where they spend a majority of their waking time. The objective of the present study was to explore local-level factors shaping the implementation of a school nutrition policy. Design: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted in person or via the telephone (a maximum of 60 min). An interview guide was informed by the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework, research objectives and literature. Key themes centred on policy implementation, including facilitators and barriers (i.e. resources, capacity), user satisfaction (i.e. students) and communication strategies. Setting: Secondary schools in Ontario, Canada. Subjects: Twenty-two participants from local agencies supporting school nutrition programming (n 8) and secondary-school principals, vice principals and teachers (n 14) from nine schools across three Ontario school boards. Results: Results are organized according to environments outlined in the ANGELO framework. The cost of healthy food for sale, revenue loss (economic), proximity of schools to off-site food outlets (physical), the restrictive nature of policy, the role of key stakeholders (political), the role of stigma and school culture (sociocultural) act as local-level barriers to policy implementation. Conclusions: Gaps in policy implementation include the high cost of food for sale and subsequent revenue generation, the close proximity of internal and external food environments, the need for consultation and communication between stakeholders, and strategies to reduce stigma and improve the school nutrition culture.

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“…From our study, it is obvious that micro-geographic characteristics (such as the built environment and neighbourhood quality) do not seem to significantly influence the overweight/obesity of the surveyed teenagers, so that the main influences reside in the family environment and individual life-style habits. Public health policies therefore have to focus on individual-, family-, and school-based interventions to promote a healthy life style (Dodson et al, 2009;Kipke et al, 2007;Nestle, 2010;Simon et al, 2008). Parents might be targetted to increase their involvement in their children's leisure time activities, mainly hobbies and physical exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximity of fast food restaurants to schools: Do neighborhood income and type of school matter?

Cited by 112 publications

References 23 publications

Obesogenic neighbourhoods: the impact of neighbourhood restaurants and convenience stores on adolescents’ food consumption behaviours

Obesogenic neighbourhoods: the impact of neighbourhood restaurants and convenience stores on adolescents’ food consumption behaviours

Examining local-level factors shaping school nutrition policy implementation in Ontario, Canada

Teenage overweight and obesity: A pilot study of obesogenic and obesoprotective environments in the Czech Republic

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