OBJECTIVE: To describe and characterize local adverse effects (in the oral cavity,
pharynx, and larynx) associated with the use of inhaled corticosteroids
(ICSs) in patients with moderate or severe asthma. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 200
asthma patients followed in the Department of Pharmaceutical Care of the
Bahia State Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis Control Program Referral Center,
located in the city of Salvador, Brazil. The patients were ≥ 18 years of age
and had been using ICSs regularly for at least 6 months. Local adverse
effects (irritation, pain, dry throat, throat clearing, hoarseness, reduced
vocal intensity, loss of voice, sensation of thirst, cough during ICS use,
altered sense of taste, and presence of oral candidiasis) were assessed
using a 30-day recall questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 200 patients studied, 159 (79.5%) were women. The mean age was 50.7 ±
14.4 years. In this sample, 55 patients (27.5%) were using high doses of
ICS, with a median treatment duration of 38 months. Regarding the symptoms,
163 patients (81.5%) reported at least one adverse effect, and 131 (65.5%)
had a daily perception of at least one symptom. Vocal and pharyngeal
symptoms were identified in 57 (28.5%) and 154 (77.0%) of the patients,
respectively. The most commonly reported adverse effects were dry throat,
throat clearing, sensation of thirst, and hoarseness. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported adverse effects related to ICS use were common among the asthma
patients evaluated here.