Pruritic Cutaneous Nematodiasis Caused by Avian Eyeworm <i>Oxyspirura</i> Larvae, Vietnam

Dung, Do Trung; Hop, Nguyen Thi; Tho, Tran H.; Nawa, Yukifumi; Doanh, Pham Ngoc

doi:10.3201/eid2604.191592

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Larval worms isolated from the patient's skin were identified by the morphologic features of the nerve ring, buccal canal, alimentary canal, and size. Molecular confirmation was performed by sequencing analysis of partial 18S and 26S rDNA sequences, identifying the larvae as being closely related to Oxyspirura petrowi (31). Comparison of photographs and morphometric data from this case with published morphological descriptions of Oxyspirura petrowi (32) allowed identification as third stage larvae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Medical Parasitology Taxonomy Update, January 2018 to May 2020

2021

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The taxonomy of parasites of medical and public health importance is rapidly evolving. This mini-review provides an update of taxonomic revisions and additions in the field of medical parasitology from January 2018-May 2020. Several established human parasites have been reassigned in genera over the past two years, while a number of novel parasites of humans have been identified. A comprehensive summary of these changes is provided here and Taenia suihominis is proposed as a replacement name for Taenia asiaticus Eon et al., which is a homonym of Taenia asiatica von Linstow.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…are transmitted to the definitive host by ingestion of an infected arthropod intermediate host. In the case from Vietnam, the patient admitted to have eaten grasshoppers and crickets (31). Oxyspirura should be in the differential of patients presenting with CLM, especially in those that have a dietary history of eating arthropods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Parasitology Taxonomy Update, January 2018 to May 2020

2021

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“…Although periorbital nematodes infect numerous avian species worldwide, there is a paucity of sequences from these two groups. Currently the only near-full-length 18S rRNA gene Oxyspirura sequences available in Gen-Bank are from O. petrowi from Bobwhite Quail and intermediate hosts and from uncharacterized larvae from a human in Vietnam with an unknown natural host (Dung et al 2020). Little is known about interspecific genetic variation among these nematode species, but on the basis of 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the Barred Owl parasite does not appear to be O. petrowi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

Niedringhaus

Dumbacher

Dunker

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Over the last four decades, Barred Owls (Strix varia) have expanded their range to include much of western North America, including California. This expansion is suspected to have contributed to declining populations of a closely related species, the federally threatened Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). As a result, understanding potential health threats to Barred Owls has implications for Spotted Owl health and recovery. From 2016 to 2020, 69 Barred Owls were collected to determine the apparent prevalence of periorbital nematode infection, to identify the parasite species present, and to investigate the potential pathologic effects on their hosts. The nematodes were morphologically identified as Oxyspirura and Aprocta spp. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, they were clearly divergent from published sequences of other species within these genera. Overall, 34 (49%) Barred Owls were infected with periorbital nematodes, with Oxyspirura sp. infections being much more common (94%) than Aprocta sp. (18%). Histopathology revealed varying severity of conjunctivitis in infected owls. Despite the frequency of infection and subsequent inflammation, parasite burden was not associated with reduced body weight in these owls. As a result, the potential health effect of these nematodes is unclear. Further taxonomic characterization is needed to determine potential novelty of these nematodes.

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“…Definitive hosts are birds and non-human primates. Zoonotic in humans as dead-end hosts harboring L3 larvae ( Dung et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Checklist Of Eukaryotic Human Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notes. Oxyspirura has been reported as a cause of pruritic cutaneous larval migrans in a patient in Vietnam, but the specimen was not characterized at the species level ( Dung et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Checklist Of Eukaryotic Human Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

Mathison¹,

Sapp²

2021

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The classification of “parasites” in the medical field is a challenging notion, a group which historically has included all eukaryotes exclusive of fungi that invade and derive resources from the human host. Since antiquity, humans have been identifying and documenting parasitic infections, and this collective catalog of parasitic agents has expanded considerably with technology. As our understanding of species boundaries and the use of molecular tools has evolved, so has our concept of the taxonomy of human parasites. Consequently, new species have been recognized while others have been relegated to synonyms. On the other hand, the decline of expertise in classical parasitology and limited curricula have led to a loss of awareness of many rarely encountered species. Here, we provide a comprehensive checklist of all reported eukaryotic organisms (excluding fungi and allied taxa) parasitizing humans resulting in 274 genus-group taxa and 848 species-group taxa. For each species, or genus where indicated, a concise summary of geographic distribution, natural hosts, route of transmission and site within human host, and vectored pathogens are presented. Ubiquitous, human-adapted species as well as very rare, incidental zoonotic organisms are discussed in this annotated checklist. We also provide a list of 79 excluded genera and species that have been previously reported as human parasites but are not believed to be true human parasites or represent misidentifications or taxonomic changes.

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Pruritic Cutaneous Nematodiasis Caused by Avian Eyeworm Oxyspirura Larvae, Vietnam

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Medical Parasitology Taxonomy Update, January 2018 to May 2020

Medical Parasitology Taxonomy Update, January 2018 to May 2020

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

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