Pseudo but actually genuine:Rhodeus pseudosericeusprovides insight into the phylogeographic history of the Amur bitterling

Abstract

Geographic isolation and colonization events have been considered complimentary historical processes in shaping the contemporary structure of regional biotas and taxonomic diversity. Accordingly, insight regarding vicariance and geodispersal might be gained by the analysis of phylogenetic pattern of related but geographically isolated taxa. Here, we examined endangered Rhodeus pseudosericeus in the Korean Peninsula based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences to provide information regarding the evolutionary origin of Amur-European bitterlings, Rhodeus sericeus and Rhodeus amarus. Our data and the contemporary distribution of R. pseudosericeus indicate that founding individuals have colonized the western coast of the Korean Peninsula via the paleo-Huang He River and since been subdivided into populations isolated by drainage formation. Our phylogenetic analyses indicated that it was likely R. pseudosericeus had a sister relationship to the R. sericeus-amarus complex, indicating that the R. sericeus-amarus clade originated from the dispersal of either R. pseudosericeus or its ancestral lineage. The geodispersal scenario based on our phylogenetic analyses supports the previous hypothesis that the Amur River likely created confluences with some tributaries of the paleo-Huang He River. Overall, the present study offers new insight into the taxonomic entity of R. pseudosericeus and a more comprehensive understanding of the phylogeographic history of R. sericeus and European bitterling lineages.

Population genetic structure and colonization history of short ninespine sticklebacks (Pungitius kaibarae)

“…2007). Historical routes of dispersal might have been subjected to changing connections between drainage systems, for example, by formation of confluence in response to decreasing sea levels (Jeon and Suk 2014) or by stream capture events in headwater regions (Burridge et al. 2006; Craw et al.…”

“…Analysis of the population genetic structure of a freshwater species can thus provide insights into the historical signature of geodispersal processes and geographical isolation with the complementary effects of drainage structures and geological episodes (Caldera and Bolnick 2008; Aldenhoven et al. 2010; Jeon and Suk 2014). …”

“…Freshwater species have also performed south-and northward expansion through the repeated cycles of glaciation (Bernatchez and Wilson 1998;Caldera and Bolnick 2008;Aldenhoven et al 2010), and the pattern and rate of dispersal have likely been influenced by landscape structures and spatial isolation among natural river drainages (Bilton et al 2001;Craw et al 2007). Historical routes of dispersal might have been subjected to changing connections between drainage systems, for example, by formation of confluence in response to decreasing sea levels (Jeon and Suk 2014) or by stream capture events in headwater regions (Burridge et al 2006;Craw et al 2007). Analysis of the population genetic structure of a freshwater species can thus provide insights into the historical signature of geodispersal processes and geographical isolation with the complementary effects of drainage structures and geological episodes (Caldera and Bolnick 2008;Aldenhoven et al 2010;Jeon and Suk 2014).…”

“…Historical routes of dispersal might have been subjected to changing connections between drainage systems, for example, by formation of confluence in response to decreasing sea levels (Jeon and Suk 2014) or by stream capture events in headwater regions (Burridge et al 2006;Craw et al 2007). Analysis of the population genetic structure of a freshwater species can thus provide insights into the historical signature of geodispersal processes and geographical isolation with the complementary effects of drainage structures and geological episodes (Caldera and Bolnick 2008;Aldenhoven et al 2010;Jeon and Suk 2014).…”

Human-mediated processes affecting distribution and genetic structure ofSqualidus multimaculatus, a freshwater cyprinid with small spatial range

“…The distributions of these species are completely separated from that of S. multimaculatus because they are only found in rivers flowing west and south and their tributaries on southwest Korean Peninsula, while the natural populations of these three species have not been reported from any areas on the east coast ( Figure 1). The distributional pattern of these three congeneric species is likely related to the historical events of colonization from China through the Paleo-Yellow River (Nishimura 1974; see also Jeon and Suk 2014). Additionally considering that the natural populations of cyprinid species are very rarely found on the east coast, the distribution of S. multimaculatus is somewhat unusual.…”