Pseudoguaiane-type sesquiterpenes and inhibitors on nitric oxide production from Dichrocephala integrifolia

Natural sesquiterpenoids

“…390 Five novel pseudoguaianolides, dichrocepholides A-E 460-464, have been isolated from Dichrocephala integrifolia. 391 Another two new compounds of this type, deacetyltetraneurin A 465 and hysterone E 466, have been found in an extract from the flowers of Parthenium hysterophorus. 392 An enantioselective synthesis of (+)-8-epi-xanthatin has been reported.…”

Structures of New Flavonoids, Erycibenins D, E, and F, and NO Production Inhibitors from Erycibe expansa Originating in Thailand

“…In the family of NOS, inducible NOS (iNOS) is specifically involved in pathologic aspects with the overproduction of NO and can be expressed in response to proinflammatory agents such as interleukin-1b, tumor necrosis factor-a, and LPS in various cell types including macrophages. As a part of our studies to characterize the bioactive components of natural medicines, we have investigated various NO production inhibitors, i.e., higher unsaturated fatty acids, 27) polyacetylenes, [28][29][30] coumarins, 28,30,31) flavonoids, 29,32) stilbenes, 33,34) lignans, [35][36][37] sesquiterpenes, [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] diterpenes, 46,47) triterpenes, [48][49][50][51] diarylheptanoids, [52][53][54] cyclic peptides, 50) alkaloids, 55,56) and phenylpropanoids. 5,6,37) Continuing of these studies, the effects of the principal constituents from E. expansa on NO production from LPS-activated macrophages were examined, and the results were summarized in Table 2.…”

Absolute Stereostructures of Olibanumols A, B, C, H, I, and J from Olibanum, Gum-Resin of Boswellia carterii, and Inhibitors of Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

“…45,58) Briefly, peritoneal exudate cells (5ϫ10 5 cells/well) were collected from the peritoneal cavities of male ddY mice and were suspended in 100 ml of RPMI 1640 supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum (FCS), penicillin (100 units/ml) and streptomycin (100 mg/ml), and pre-cultured in 96-well microplates at 37°C in 5% CO 2 in air for 1 h. Nonadherent cells were removed by washing with PBS, and the adherent cells were cultured in 200 ml of fresh medium containing 10 mg/ml LPS and various concentrations of test compound for 20 h. NO production in each well was assessed by measuring the accumulation of nitrite (NO 2 Ϫ ) in the culture medium using Griess reagent. Cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT colorimetric assay, after 20 h incubation with test compounds.…”

“…In the family of NOS, inducible NOS (iNOS) is specifically involved in pathologic aspects with the overproduction of NO and can be expressed in response to proinflammatory agents such as interleukin-1b, tumor necrosis factor-a, and LPS in various cell types including macrophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. As a part of our studies to characterize the bioactive components of natural medicines, we have investigated various NO production inhibitors, i.e., higher unsaturated fatty acids, 39) polyacetylenes, [40][41][42] coumarins, 40,42,43) flavonoids, 41,44,45) stilbenes, 46,47) lignans, [48][49][50] sesquiterpenes, [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] diterpenes, 59,60) triterpenes, 19,[61][62][63] diarylheptanoids, [64][65][66] cyclic peptides, 63) alkaloids, 67,68) and phenylpropanoids. 50,69,70) As a continuation of these studies on bioactive constituents of natural medicines, the effects of the mono-and triterpene constituents (1-5, 7-13) from the gum-resin of B. carterii on NO production from LPS-activated macrophages were examined, and the results were summarized in Table 3 …”