Pseudomembranous colitis: Not always <i>Clostridium difficile</i>

Tang, Derek M.; Urrunaga, Nathalie H.; Rosenvinge, Erik C. von

doi:10.3949/ccjm.83a.14183

Cited by 35 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is a nonspecific pattern of injury which results from decreased oxygenation, endothelial damage, and impaired blood flow. 33 Antibiotic usage is a common cause of diarrhea and is implicated in CDI. Among antibiotics exposure to clindamycin, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolone is maximally associated with CDI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Profile of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea: A study from Tertiary Care Centre of South India

Sukhwani¹

2018

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Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common cause of diarrhea in hospitalized patients worldwide however it is uncommonly reported from Indian hospitals and clinical profile of Indian patients with CDI is not well studied. Methods: This was a retrospective study done in a tertiary care centre of South India between March 2016 and May 2017. Case records of all patients for whom stool samples were sent for either C. difficile toxin assay or GeneXpert C. difficile were analysed. Coloured immunoassay (CerTech) was used for detecting Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and Toxin A and B and nucleic acid amplification assay (Xpert, Cepheid) were used. Results: A total of 112 were analyzed, out of which 18 were positive and negative cases (n = 94) were taken as controls. Prevalence of CDI was 16%. Presence of fever (OR = 8.5), tenesmus (OR = 8.5), hematochezia (OR = 4.5), cramps (OR = 8.27), use of immunosuppressive agents (OR = 3.62) and duration of antibiotics (7.38±6.50 vs 4.54±6.57 days; p=0.019) was significantly higher among cases. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of CDI is low in India compared to the west, it still contributes to significant morbidity in hospitalized patients as it is responsible for more than 1 in 6 cases of diarrhea in hospitalized patients. Fever, cramps, tenesmus, hematochezia, use of immunosuppressants and antibiotic therapy of more than 7 days suggest a diagnosis of CDI, and should trigger testing and treatment. Outcomes are good with appropriate therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Profile of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea: A study from Tertiary Care Centre of South India

Sukhwani¹

2018

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“…cytomegalovirus, Entamoeba histolytica, Shigella species, Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli) and medication (e.g. cisplatin, cyclosporine A) can cause similar pathology [19].…”

Section: How To Define a CDI Case?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How to: Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections

Krutova

Kinross

Barbut

et al. 2018

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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“…Although CT scan is a useful tool to diagnose toxic megacolon [ 68 ], other specific radiological findings do not seem to correlate indubitably well with CDI severity [ 69 , 70 ]. Similarly, endoscopic findings with or without colon biopsy may help clarifying diarrhea etiology in cases of a high clinical suspicion and a negative C. difficile stool test [ 71 ], but the presence of pseudomembranous colitis seems to be a less CDI-specific finding than it is generally believed to be [ 72 ], and its relationship with severe outcome has not been demonstrated either [ 73 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Current Guidelines of Five International Societies on Clostridium difficile Infection Management

Fehér

2016

Infect Dis Ther

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Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is increasingly recognized as an emerging healthcare problem of elevated importance. Prevention and treatment strategies are constantly evolving along with the apperance of new scientific evidence and novel treatment methods, which is well-reflected in the differences among consecutive international guidelines. In this article, we summarize and compare current guidelines of five international medical societies on CDI management, and discuss some of the controversial and currently unresolved aspects which should be addressed by future research.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40121-016-0122-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Pseudomembranous colitis: Not always Clostridium difficile

Cited by 35 publications

References 47 publications

Clinical Profile of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea: A study from Tertiary Care Centre of South India

Clinical Profile of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea: A study from Tertiary Care Centre of South India

How to: Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infections

A Comparison of Current Guidelines of Five International Societies on Clostridium difficile Infection Management

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