Pseudomonas aeruginosa defends against phages through type IV pilus glycosylation

Harvey, Hanjeong; Bondy‐Denomy, Joseph; Marquis, Hélène; Sztanko, Kristina M.; Davidson, Alan R.; Burrows, Lori L.

doi:10.1038/s41564-017-0061-y

Cited by 112 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…While fewer in number to date, other phages have been discovered to use pili as their primary receptor (Harvey et al, 2018, McCutcheon et al, 2018. Kropinski et al (2012) have argued that this general mechanism of binding to extended filaments increases the probability of encountering the target bacterium, since bacteria with their flagella extended have a capture radius 5-to 10-fold greater than the bacterial cell itself (Kropinski et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flagellotropic bacteriophage YSD1 targets Salmonella Typhi with a Chi‐like protein tail fibre

Dunstan

Pickard

Dougan

et al. 2019

Molecular Microbiology

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Summary The discovery of a Salmonella‐targeting phage from the waterways of the United Kingdom provided an opportunity to address the mechanism by which Chi‐like bacteriophage (phage) engages with bacterial flagellae. The long tail fibre seen on Chi‐like phages has been proposed to assist the phage particle in docking to a host cell flagellum, but the identity of the protein that generates this fibre was unknown. We present the results from genome sequencing of this phage, YSD1, confirming its close relationship to the original Chi phage and suggesting candidate proteins to form the tail structure. Immunogold labelling in electron micrographs revealed that YSD1_22 forms the main shaft of the tail tube, while YSD1_25 forms the distal part contributing to the tail spike complex. The long curling tail fibre is formed by the protein YSD1_29, and treatment of phage with the antibodies that bind YSD1_29 inhibits phage infection of Salmonella. The host range for YSD1 across Salmonella serovars is broad, but not comprehensive, being limited by antigenic features of the flagellin subunits that make up the Salmonella flagellum, with which YSD1_29 engages to initiate infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flagellotropic bacteriophage YSD1 targets Salmonella Typhi with a Chi‐like protein tail fibre

Dunstan

Pickard

Dougan

et al. 2019

Molecular Microbiology

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“…Many bacteriophages use extracellular appendages such as pili as receptors during infection (12)(13)(14). It is thought that phage particles bind to pili, which retract and pull the phage to the cell body, where infection occurs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flagellar Mutants Have Reduced Pilus Synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus

2019

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Surface appendages, such as flagella and type IV pili, mediate a broad range of bacterial behaviors, including motility, attachment, and surface sensing. While many species harbor both flagella and type IV pili, little is known about how or if their syntheses are coupled. Here, we show that deletions of genes encoding different flagellum machinery components result in a reduction of pilus synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus. First, we show that different flagellar mutants exhibit different levels of sensitivity to a pilus-dependent phage and that fewer cells within populations of flagellar mutants make pili. Furthermore, we find that single cells within flagellar mutant populations produce fewer pili per cell. We demonstrate that these gene deletions result in reduced transcription of pilus-associated genes and have a slight but significant effect on general transcription profiles. Finally, we show that the decrease in pilus production is due to a reduction in the pool of pilin subunits that are polymerized into pilus fibers. These data demonstrate that mutations in flagellar gene components not only affect motility but also can have considerable and unexpected consequences for other aspects of cell biology. IMPORTANCE Most bacterial species synthesize surface-exposed appendages that are important for environmental interactions and survival under diverse conditions. It is often assumed that these appendages act independently of each other and that mutations in either system can be used to assess functionality in specific processes. However, we show that mutations in flagellar genes can impact the production of type IV pili, as well as alter general RNA transcriptional profiles compared to a wildtype strain. These data demonstrate that seemingly simple mutations can broadly affect cell-regulatory networks.

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“…First is the hypothesis that Phaeobacter phage MD18 recognizes type IV pili as its receptor. These surface structures have been found to be common targets of phages (31)(32)(33) and several of their components exhibit significant sequence and structural similarities with bacterial Type II secretion systems (34)(35)(36). The relationship between Type IV pili and Type II secretion systems is extensive and it has even been shown that overexpression of certain Type II components results in the formation of pili (30,37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering the Molecular Determinants ofPhaeobacter inhibenssusceptibility toPhaeobacterphage MD18

Urtecho

Campbell

Hershey

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Bacteriophage technologies have immense potential as antibiotic therapies and in genetic engineering. Understanding the mechanisms that bacteriophages implement to infect their hosts will allow researchers to manipulate these systems and adapt them to specific bacterial targets. Here, we isolated a bacteriophage capable of infecting the marine alphaproteobacterium Phaeobacter inhibens and dissected its mechanism of infection. Phaeobacter phage MD18, a novel species of bacteriophage isolated in Woods Hole, MA, exhibits potent lytic ability against P.inhibens and appears to be of the Siphoviridae morphotype. Consistent with this finding, the sequence of the MD18 revealed significant similarity to another siphophage, the recently discovered Roseobacter phage DSS3P8. We incubated MD18 with a library of barcoded P. inhibens transposon insertion mutants and identified 22 genes that appear to be required for phage predation of this host. Network analysis of these genes using genomic position, GO term enrichment, and protein associations reveals that these genes are enriched for roles in assembly of a type IV pilus (T4P) and regulators of cellular morphology. Our results suggest that T4P serve as receptors for a novel marine virus that targets P. inhibens. ImportanceBacteriophages are useful non-antibiotic therapeutics for bacterial infections as well as threats to industries utilizing bacterial agents. This study identifies Phaeobacter phage MD18, the first documented phage of Phaeobacter inhibens, a bacterium with promising use as a probiotic for aquatic farming industries. Genomic analysis suggests that the P haeobacter phage MD18 has evolved to enhance its replication in P. inhibens by adopting favorable tRNA genes as well as through genomic sequence adaptation to resemble host codon usage. Lastly, a high-throughput analysis of P. inhibens transposon insertion mutants identifies genes that modulate host susceptibility to phage MD18 and implicates the type IV pilus as the likely receptor recognized for adsorption. This study marks the first characterization of the relationship between P.inhibens and an environmentally sampled phage, which informs our understanding of natural threats to the bacterium and may promote the development of novel phage technologies for genetic manipulation of this host.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa defends against phages through type IV pilus glycosylation

Cited by 112 publications

References 50 publications

The flagellotropic bacteriophage YSD1 targets Salmonella Typhi with a Chi‐like protein tail fibre

The flagellotropic bacteriophage YSD1 targets Salmonella Typhi with a Chi‐like protein tail fibre

Flagellar Mutants Have Reduced Pilus Synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus

Discovering the Molecular Determinants ofPhaeobacter inhibenssusceptibility toPhaeobacterphage MD18

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