Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Evaluation Of Pathogen Burden And Drug-resistance Trends In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Saeed, Muhammad; Rasheed, Farhan; Afzal, Raja Kamran; Hussain, Shahid; Riaz, Saba; Ahmad, Adeel

doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2018.04.279

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Bessa et al identified PA as one of the main pathogens infecting the respiratory, cutaneous, and urinary tracts [ 32 ]. Saeed et al reported a high frequency of PA in sputum, urine, and wound swab samples [ 33 ]. Similarly, Cabot et al [ 34 ] and Sader et al [ 35 ] found a high prevalence of nosocomial respiratory, urinary, and wound infections due to PA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2023

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a major Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen causing several serious acute and chronic infections in the nosocomial and community settings. PA eradication has become increasingly difficult due to its remarkable ability to evade antibiotics. Therefore, epidemiological studies are needed to limit the infection and aim for the correct treatment. The present retrospective study focused on PA presence among samples collected at the San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital in Salerno, Italy; its resistance profile and relative variations over the eight years were analyzed. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by VITEK® 2. In the 2015–2019 and 2020–2022 timeframes, respectively, 1739 and 1307 isolates of PA were obtained from respiratory samples, wound swabs, urine cultures, cultural swabs, blood, liquor, catheter cultures, vaginal swabs, and others. During 2015–2019, PA strains exhibited low resistance against amikacin (17.2%), gentamicin (25.2%), and cefepime (28.3%); moderate resistance against ceftazidime (34.4%), imipenem (34.6%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (37.7%); and high resistance against ciprofloxacin (42.4%) and levofloxacin (50.6%). Conversely, during the 2020–2022 era, PA showed 11.7, 21.1, 26.9, 32.6, 33.1, 38.7, and 39.8% resistance to amikacin, tobramycin, cefepime, imipenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin/tazobactam, respectively. An overall resistance-decreasing trend was observed for imipenem and gentamicin during 2015–2019. Instead, a significant increase in resistance was recorded for cefepime, ceftazidime, and imipenem in the second set of years investigated. Monitoring sentinel germs represents a key factor in optimizing empirical therapy to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2023

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“…Although, our results were higher than results obtained by (Sader et al 2017) wherein, the resistance percentage was (84.3%). The sample size, duration, type, and study settings all are possible causes for the variation in the resistance rate (Saeed et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm and Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Elmanama¹,

Abu-Dan²,

Al-Sheboul³

2022

IUJAS

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Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and environmental ability of P. aeruginosa isolates to make biofilms and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Methods: Environmental swabs (144), air (28) and water samples (12) were collected from various wards of Gaza strip hospitals. Additionally, 158 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained from the microbiology laboratories of the same hospitals between July 21, 2019 and January 21, 2020. Samples were cultured and bacterial identification was performed using standard microbiological procedures. PCR was used to confirm the identity of P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa isolates were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns by the agar disk diffusion method. Both qualitative and quantitative methods assessed the biofilm formation by crystal violet and safranin stains. Results: Among the P. aeruginosa isolates (N=150), 90.0% were resistant for ceftazidime, (36.7%) aztreonam, (29.3%) gentamicin, (27.3%) levofloxacin, (22.0%) meropenem, (14.0%) piperacillin, (10.0%) amikacin and (9.3%) imipenem. The results for biofilm formation by tube method showed that 78.0% and 71.3% of the isolates were biofilm producer by crystal violet and safranin methods, respectively. Microtiter plate method demonstrated that 94.0% and 96.0% were biofilm producers by crystal violet and safranin, respectively. In addition, there was a statistical significance between the meropenem resistance and biofilm-forming ability of the isolates. Conclusions: High resistance rates were detected among P. aeruginosa isolates. The lowest rate of resistance was to imipenem and amikacin. As for the biofilm assessment, the tissue culture plate method showed higher detection rates than the tube method.

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“…It is found in the recent related literatures that, [1][2][3][4][11][12][13][14][15] the drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa is mostly caused by the gene mutation of its own. In nature, this type of mutation can be manifested as a self-defense mechanism of bacteria, i.e., bacteria can withstand various adverse factors in the environment by encoding the corresponding proteins.…”

Section: Score Of the Regulatory Abilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most commonly seen drug-resistance bacteria in the lower respiratory tract infection. It is reported that [1][2][3][4] the drug-resistance genes of pseudomonas aeruginosa mainly consist of some gene families such as mecA/aph/tetM/aac/ermA. In addition, there exist some differences in methylation level, copy number variation, carrying and combination mode as well as transcript of the drug-resistance genes, the high variation of which may be a decisive factor for the drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-expression network analysis of virulence genes exoS and exoU of pseudomonas aeruginosa in lower respiratory tract based on histological data expression profiles

Jiao

Chen

2020

DCC

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Objective: To use the gene chip of pseudomonas aeruginosa as a research sample and to explore it at an omics level, aiming at elucidating the co-expression network characteristics of the virulence genes exoS and exoU of pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lower respiratory tract from the perspective of molecular biology and identifying its key regulatory genes.Methods: From March 2016 to May 2018, 312 patients infected with pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lower respiratory tract who were admitted to Department of Respiratory Medicine of Baogang Hospital and given follow-up treatments in the hospital were selected as subjects by use of cluster sampling. Alveolar lavage fluid and sputum collected from those patients were used as biological specimens. The genes of pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected with the help of oligonucleotide probes to make a pre-processing of chip data. A total of 8 common antibiotics (ceftazidime, gentamicin, piperacillin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, doripenem and ticarcillin) against Gram-negative bacteria were selected to determine the drug resistance of biological specimens. MCODE algorithm was used to construct a co-expression network model of the drug-resistance genes focused on exoS/exoU.Results: The expression level of exoS/exoU in the drug-resistance group was significantly higher than that in the non-resistance group (p < .05). The top 5 differentially expressed genes in the alveolar lavage fluid specimens from the drug-resistance group were RAC1, ITGB1, ITGB5, CRK and IGF1R in the order from high to low. In the sputum specimens, the top 5 differentially expressed genes were RAC1, CRK, IGF1R, ITGB1 and ITGB5. In the alveolar lavage fluid specimens, only RAC1 had a positive correlation with the expression of exoS and exoU (p < .05). In the sputum specimens, RAC1, ITGB1, ITGB5, CRK and IGF1R were positively correlated with the expression of exoS and exoU (p < .05). The genes included in the co-expression network contained exoS, exoU, RAC1, ITGB1, ITGB5, CRK, CAMK2D, RHOA, FLNA, IGF1R, TGFBR2 and FOS. Among them, RAC1 had a highest score in the aspect of regulatory ability (72.00) and the largest number of regulatory genes (6); followed by ITGB1, ITGB5 and CRK genes.Conclusions: The high expression of exoS and exoU in the sputum specimens suggests that pseudomonas aeruginosa has a higher probability to get resistant to antibiotics; RAC1, ITGB1, ITGB5 and CRK genes may be the key genes that can regulate the expression of exoS and exoU.

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Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Evaluation Of Pathogen Burden And Drug-resistance Trends In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Biofilm and Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Co-expression network analysis of virulence genes exoS and exoU of pseudomonas aeruginosa in lower respiratory tract based on histological data expression profiles

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