Pseudomonas Endocarditis in the Detroit Medical Center

Reyes, Milagros P.; Palutke, Waldemar A.; Wylin, Robert F.

doi:10.1097/00005792-197305000-00001

Cited by 154 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The ability of bacteria to multiply in vivo and to survive in the presence of normal host defenses is also of great importance. However, the fact that we have demonstrated a relatively high level of adherence for P. aeruginosa in our model might help to explain the selection of P. aeruginosa as the gram-negative organism showing the greatest association with endocarditis in the addict population (7,8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adherence of bacteria to heart valves in vitro.

Gould¹,

Ramírez-Ronda²,

Holmes³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

199

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C T The abilities of 14 strains of aerobic gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli to adhere in vitro to human or canine aortic valve leaflets were compared. 2-mm sections of excised valve leaflets were obtained by punch biopsy and were incubated under standardized conditions in suspensions of bacteria. Valve sections were subsequently waslhed and homiogeniized, and quantitative techniques were used to determine the proportions of bacteria from the initial suspensions that had adhered to the valve sections. Comparable results were obtained when these adherence ratios were determined by two independent methods based either on measurements of bacterial viability or of radioactivity in 5"Cr-labeled bacteria. For each bacterial strain, the adherence ratio was constant over a wide range of concentrations of bacteria in the incubation mediuiml. Strains of enterococci, viridans streptococci, coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci and Pscudoim oinas aeruginosa (adherence ratios 0.003-0.017) were found to adhere more readily to valve sections than strains of Escherichia coli and Klbsiella pfeum;oniiac (adherence ratios 0.00002-0.00004). The organisms that most frequently cause bacterial endocarditis Nwere found to adhere best to heart valves in vitro, suggesting that the ability to adhere to valvular endothelium may be an important or essential characteristic of bacteria that cause endocarditis in man.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Gram-negative bacillary endocarditis has remained unusual except in drug addicts (7,8) and in prosthetic valve infections (9). The present study was B3altimnore, Md.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence of bacteria to heart valves in vitro.

Gould¹,

Ramírez-Ronda²,

Holmes³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

199

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies of human infective endocarditis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa have emphasized the difficulties in achieving cures with antibiotic therapy alone, with treatment failures of 35 to 75% (15)(16)(17). A major problem in this regard has been the development of resistance in vivo to the antibiotics commonly used for this infection (e.g., 3-lactams and aminoglycosides), resulting in refractory or recrudescent bacteremia and endocarditis (15)(16)(17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major problem in this regard has been the development of resistance in vivo to the antibiotics commonly used for this infection (e.g., 3-lactams and aminoglycosides), resulting in refractory or recrudescent bacteremia and endocarditis (15)(16)(17). This phenomenon has been most frequently observed when there was involvement of left-sided cardiac valves (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of amikacin and ceftazidime in experimental aortic valve endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Bayer¹,

Norman²,

Kim³

1985

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The in vivo efficacies of amikacin, ceftazidime, and their combination were evaluated in experimental aortic valve endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eighty catheterized rabbits were infected with a P. aeruginosa strain susceptible to both amikacin and ceftazidime and then received no therapy (controls), amikacin (15 mg/kg per day), ceftazidime (100 mg/kg per day), or amikacin-ceftazidime. Amikacin Morrison, Chemotherapy [Basel], in press). In that study, the amikacin-ceftazidime regimen was significantly more effective than the single-drug regimens in reducing the mean vegetation titers of P. aeruginosa and reducing the prevalence of bacteriologic relapses after therapy was terminated. In the current study, we examined this synergistic combination in experimental left-sided P. aeruginosa endocarditis, the most refractory syndrome in human cases (16 identification, serotyping, and resistance to rabbit serum have been previously described (5).Antibiotic susceptibility testing. MICs and MBCs of amikacin and ceftazidime were determined by the broth macrodilution technique (13) with Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB; BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.). MHB has a concentration of 0.5 mg/100 ml of magnesium and 3.2 mg/100 ml of calcium. Logarithmic-growth-phase cultures were used to prepare inocula of PA-96 at -5 x 105 or -5 x 107 CFU/ml. The -107 inoculum was utilized to determine the antibiotic susceptibility at bacterial densities likely to be encountered within cardiac vegetations in vivo (1). The MIC was defined as the lowest antibiotic concentration causing no visible turbidity. The MBCs were determined by subculturing 10 ,ul from each clear tube onto antibiotic-free MH agar plates. The MBC was the lowest concentration of antibiotic that effected -99.9% reduction of the original inoculum. The MICs and MBCs of selected amikacin-or ceftazidime-resistant organisms isolated from endocardial vegetations were also determined for gentamicin, kanamycin, moxalactam, cefoperazone, azlocillin, mezlocillin, and ciprofloxacin (inoculum size, -5 x 105 CFU/ml).In vitro bactericidal interaction testing. Bactericidal interactions of ceftazidime and amikacin against PA-96 were examined with the time-kill assay system. As before, a logarithmic-phase inoculum of either -5 x 105 or -5 x 107 CFU/ml was used. The final antibiotic concentrations tested were amikacin alone at one-half the MBC, ceftazidime alone at one-half the MBC, or amikacin-ceftazidime, each drug at one-quarter its MBC. A synergistic interaction was considered present when the amikacin-ceftazidime combination caused a -2 log10 decrease in CFU per milliliter at 24 h in comparison with the more active single agent (10).

show abstract

“…Not only are patients on methadone maintenance apparently more susceptible to infection (1), but methadone has also been shown to interact with antimicrobial agents (2,3). Thus, we decided to assess the direct effect of methadone, as well as its interaction with antimicrobial agents, against bacteria commonly involved in infections in parenteral drug abusers (5,6,8 The MBC values of methadone and the several antimicrobial agents alone and in combination are shown in Table 1. The MBC of methadone was 625 ,ug/ml for S. aureus, >1,250 ug/ml for P. aeruginosa, and 1,250 pug/ml for S. marcescens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methadone: Antimicrobial Activity and Interaction with Antibiotics

Sheagren

Barsoum

Lin

1977

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the effect of methadone, alone and in combination with antimicrobial agents, on two strains each of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Serratia marcescens isolated from blood streams of parenteral drug abusers with bacterial endocarditis. Methadone has its own antibacterial effect, although at supraphysiological concentrations, and is even synergistic with antimicrobial agents against some organisms. Thus, methadone does not interfere with the antibacterial effects of antibiotics in vitro.

show abstract

Pseudomonas Endocarditis in the Detroit Medical Center

Cited by 154 publications

References 0 publications

Adherence of bacteria to heart valves in vitro.

Adherence of bacteria to heart valves in vitro.

Efficacy of amikacin and ceftazidime in experimental aortic valve endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Methadone: Antimicrobial Activity and Interaction with Antibiotics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About