Pseudomonas spp. in Canine Otitis Externa

Abstract

Canine otitis externa (OE) is a commonly diagnosed condition seen in veterinary practice worldwide. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the disease, with a particular focus on the biological characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the impact that antibiotic resistance has on successful recovery from OE. We also consider potential alternatives to antimicrobial chemotherapy for the treatment of recalcitrant infections. P. aeruginosa is not a typical constituent of the canine ear microbiota, but is frequently isolated from cases of chronic OE, and the nature of this pathogen often makes treatment difficult. Biofilm formation is identified in 40–95% of P. aeruginosa from cases of OE and intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, especially resistance to clinically important antibiotics, highlights the need for alternative treatments. The role of other virulence factors in OE remains relatively unexplored and further work is needed. The studies described in this work highlight several potential alternative treatments, including the use of bacteriophages. This review provides a summary of the aetiology of OE with particular reference to the dysbiosis that leads to colonisation by P. aeruginosa and highlights the need for novel treatments for the future management of P. aeruginosa otitis.

Exposure to blue light reduces antimicrobial resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from dog ear infections

“…The phylogenetic tree identified three main branches, with all of the isolates from this study clustering in the largest group, which also contained PAO1. Interestingly, the canine isolates from this study clustered with isolates from other sources (including non-clinical), which is consistent with our current understanding of the non-clonal nature of Pseudomonas from canine OE ( Secker et al, 2023 ).…”

“…A primary factor, commonly allergy, causes the initial inflammation in the ear canal leading to dysbiosis, overgrowth and then increasingly severe secondary infections. The resultant tissue changes to the ear canal prevent the resolution of OE and are known as perpetuating factors ( Secker et al, 2023 ).…”

Microbiological Survey and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Microorganisms Obtained from Suspect Cases of Canine Otitis Externa in Gran Canaria, Spain

“…MRSP population are resistant to all β-lactams, and in most cases also carry other resistance determinants, which usually classifies MRSP also as MDR isolates [ 17 ]. Regarding P. aeruginosa , the expansion of MDR phenotypes is a common feature, due to a combination of intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms, greatly limiting the therapeutic repertoire against this pathogen [ 1 , 18 ].…”

Efectividad del Acido Hipocloroso en el Tratamiento de Otitis en Perros, en Machala

“…Existen diferentes clasificaciones de otitis las cuales están delimitadas por su ubicación en el oído, siendo las externas aquellas que se encuentran en conducto auditivo externo y el pabellón auricular (Nuttall T. , 2016) (Manju, Roshan, & Suhsovan, 2018), las medias, son aquellas en las cuales las OE influyen directamente pues todo ese acumulo de bacterias y secreciones encontradas externamente pueden ocasionar que se rompa la membrana timpánica, dando como resultado una infección en el oído medio (Leonardo, y otros, 2021) delimitadas por e interna (Terziev & Borissov, 2018). Esta investigación se centrará en las otitis externas, las cuales presentan una frecuencia del 7.5% al 16,5 % de las consultas (Fuentes & Alejandra, 2016), encontrándosela como una de las afecciones más comunes en los perros que acuden consulta (Secker, Shaw, & Atterbury, 2023), su etiología es multifactorial, predisponente por razas y otros factores primarios o secundarios. Las secundarias son aquellas que contribuyen a que una otitis se extienda ya sea por medio de bacterias como la Enterobacter spp., E. coli, Staphylococcus spp.…”