Pseudonannolene canastra sp. nov. (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) – a new troglobitic millipede from the southwestern state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

Pseudonannolene is a neotropical genus of millipedes distributed in Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia. Generally, species of Pseudonannolene are considered troglophilic, i.e., they can establish a source population in both subterranean and superficial habitats. Among the 60 species known, 49 are found in Brazil; out of these, 25 occur in caves but only three are considered troglobitic (source population exclusively subterranean). This study aims to describe the fourth troglobitic species of Pseudonannolene from Brazil, and the first one from the region of Serra da Canastra, in the southeastern part of Brazil.

Expanding the range of the troglobitic millipede Pseudonannolene ambuatinga Iniesta & Ferreira, 2013: insights into its distribution and conservation status (Spirostreptida, Pseudonannolenidae)

“…The coloration patterns are described based on specimens preserved in 70-80% ethanol. The maps were obtained based on the species records in caves from São Roque de Minas-MG provided by Gallo and Bichuette (2020) and in the Arcos-Pains-Doresópolis speleological unit by Iniesta et al (2023a), in addition to those of the material examined in the present study. The geographical coordinates were obtained from original labels of examined lots in the collections (when provided) and checked individually according to the "Cadastro Nacional de Informações Espeleológicas (CANIE)".…”

A reassessment of the Neotropical genus Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895: cladistic analysis, biogeography, and taxonomic review (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae)

“…Recently, there has been a growing interest in the taxonomy of Pseudonannolene in Brazil. The species of this group are widespread in karst regions, with occurrences of some obligatory cave-dwelling species (Iniesta & Ferreira 2013aGallo & Bichuette 2020). In Brazil, the identification and description of troglomorphic species (sensu troglobiont/troglobiotic species or population-race by Sket [2008]) has impacted regulations that protect certain Brazilian caves, and their surrounding areas, from mining (decree n° 6640/2008) (Karam-Gemael et al 2018).…”

“…These projections are cuticular protrusions, apparently without any socket at their bases, and are present starting with the gonopodal primordia in the immature. They are also referred to as tubercles (in Epinannolene Brölemann, 1903[Hoffman 1984), papilliform tubercles (Phallorthus Chamberlin, 1952, [Hoffman & Florez 1995), or dentiform processes (Pseudonannolene, Schubart 1944;Gallo & Bichuette 2020). The gonocoxa (gcx) is rounded and stout, slightly compressed longitudinally (Figs 32A-B, 34A, C, 38B), and with a small distal projection (= shoulder; sh) in some species of Pseudonannolene (Fig.…”

“…The internal branch (ib) is located at the base of the telopodite (tp), bearing long setae marginally or apically (Figs 35A,C,E,36C). Brölemann (1902aBrölemann ( , 1929 described the internal branch (ib) as a secondary process, while Schubart (1944), , and Gallo & Bichuette (2020) referred to it as the telopodite. According to the immatures of Pseudonannolene spp.…”

“…Although the examination of the type material of the junior synonym P. canastra deposited at the Laboratório de Estudos Subterrâneos (LES/UFSCar) was not possible during this study, the original description and figures provided by Gallo & Bichuette (2020) are highly detailed. Fontanetti, 1996 Figs 48-49, 163B, 165B, 167C, 177D, 180;…”