Published data on the structure, stereochemistry, and biological activity of natural cyclic polypeptides containing fragments of β-amino acids are reviewed, and an attempt is made to relate the structure to the biological activity.According to available estimates [1], there are more β-amino acids in the nature than the 22 proteinogenic α-amino acids that take part in ribosomal protein synthesis. The β-amino acids exist either as such or as fragments of the molecules of natural compounds with various degrees of complexity [2] and most often as linear or cyclic peptides that are, in all probability, formed by such microorganisms as bacteria and fungi as a result of non-ribosomal protein synthesis [3].Before 1996 nothing was known about the structure of the simplest β-peptides in the crystal and in solution. Today there are numerous papers and reviews on natural, semisynthetic, and fully synthetic β-peptides, the most comprehensive of which are the papers [4][5][6]. For this reason we will not dwell on these aspects here.The aim of our review is to classify published data on the structure, stereochemistry, and biological activity and also to study the structure-activity relationship of cyclic β-peptides, which have shown greater resistance to the action of enzymes than their linear analogs and α-peptides and therefore exhibit biological selectivity.