Psilophyton forbesii, a New Devonian Plant from Northern Maine

Andrews, Henry N.; Kasper, Andrew E.; Mencher, Ely

doi:10.2307/2483801

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…However, Dod and Rankin's point is well taken that the plants are typically Lower Devonian rather than Middle or Upper Devonian. In this we have concurred (Andrews and Kasper, 1970).…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

“…CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISONs-The taxonomic position of Pertica quadrijaria is quite clearly with the Subdivision Trimerophytina in Banks' (1968) classification of early vascular plants. Since this classification is becoming quite well known, and the present writers have elaborated on it at some length in particular reference to the Trout Valley flora (Andrews and Kasper, 1970), it is not necessary to review it fully here.…”

Section: B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pertica, a New Genus of Devonian Plants From Northern Maine

Kasper

Andrews

1972

American J of Botany

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A new genus of Devonian age fossil plants is described from the Trout Valley Formation of northern Maine. Abundant compression material permits a rather complete understanding of its morphology. Pertica quadrifaria Kasper and Andrews, gen. et sp. nov., was an erect plant, perhaps a meter tall, with a pseudomonopodial main axis and dichotomous side branches. The side branches were arranged in a clockwise spiral (from base to apex) and were tetrastichous. They dichotomized numerous times, with the intervals between dichotomies decreasing distally. The ultimate branchlets bore numerous sporangia in dense clusters. Other side branches were completely sterile. Pertica quadrifaria is classified in the Subdivision Trimerophytina of Banks. Its evolutionary significance rests in the fact that it is a link in the chain of increasingly complex early vascular land plants.

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“…However, Dod and Rankin's point is well taken that the plants are typically Lower Devonian rather than Middle or Upper Devonian. In this we have concurred (Andrews and Kasper, 1970).…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Section: B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertica, a New Genus of Devonian Plants From Northern Maine

Kasper

Andrews

1972

American J of Botany

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“…This type of sporangia is characteristic of the genus Psilophyton [Gerrienne, 1997a] and is consistent with the presence of numerous anisotomously branched axes (from 0.8 to 8 mm in diameter). Some of these axes are devoid of emergences and show longitudinal ribs; a character found, among others, in P. forbesii [Andrews et al, 1968;Gensel, 1979;Gerrienne, 1997b]. Moreover, fragments of tracheids were found in palynological slides.…”

Section: Cf Psilophytonmentioning

confidence: 86%

Age and depositional environment of the Sainte-Anne Formation (Armorican Massif, France): the oldest (Emsian) evidence for mountain erosion in the Variscan belt

Ducassou

Strullu‐Derrien

Ballèvre

et al. 2009

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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The palaeogeography of the internal zones of the Variscan belt during the early stages of the convergence remains unclear. Sedimentary sequences that recorded the denudation of an early relief have generally been removed by erosion. In the Chalonnes area (southeast of the Armorican Massif), the reefal carbonates of the Chalonnes Formation (Fm) are overlain by the immature, poorly-sorted sandstones of the Sainte-Anne Fm. This formation is characterised by the occurrence of gravity flow deposits and contains immature and poorly sorted sandstones with a large amount of plant debris and lithic fragments, suggesting a depositional environment in a delta front dominated by floods. A revision of the palaeoflora content allows to assign an Emsian age to the Sainte-Anne Fm. Lithic fragments are mainly of sedimentary and volcanic origin, suggesting moderate erosion level of the source area. Palaeocurrent data indicate a southern origin for the sediments. These features collectively demonstrate that the Sainte-Anne Fm is the record of the erosion of a continental area located farther south, and experiencing incipient tectonic uplift during the Emsian. The Sainte-Anne Fm could represent therefore the earliest record in France of the very first stages of the Variscan orogeny. Age et environnement de dépôt de la formation de Sainte-Anne (Massif armoricain, France): les plus vieux témoins (Emsien) de l'érosion de la chaîne varisqueMots-clés. -Chaîne varisque, Dévonien inférieur, Relief, PaléofloreRésumé. -La paléogéographie des zones internes de la chaîne varisque lors des premiers stades orogéniques reste dé-battue. En effet, les séries sédimentaires qui pourraient avoir enregistré la formation des premiers reliefs sont rarement préservées. Dans la région de Chalonnes (sud-est du Massif armoricain, France), la formation (Fm) de Sainte-Anne, qui succède aux faciès carbonatés récifaux de la Fm de Chalonnes, est un candidat potentiel pour améliorer la compréhen-sion des stades pré-orogéniques dans la chaîne hercynienne. La révision de la flore a permis d'établir un âge emsien pour la Fm de Sainte-Anne. Celle-ci est constituée de grès mal triés, immatures, riches en fragments lithiques et en dé-bris végétaux impliquant un fort apport continental. Les fragments lithiques sont essentiellement d'origine sédimentaire et volcanique impliquant une incision modérée des zones sources. Les mesures de paléocourants indiquent un transport des sédiments du sud vers le nord. La Fm de Sainte-Anne est caractérisée par une sédimentation dominée par les processus gravitaires, supposant un milieu de dépôt en aval d'un système deltaïque alimenté par des crues. La sédimentation de ces grès immatures au-dessus de la Fm de Chalonnes implique la réactivation de zones sources continentales, ce qui suggère l'apparition d'un relief durant l'Emsien au sud de la zone d'étude. La Fm de Sainte-Anne pourrait enregistrer, à la fin du Dévonien inférieur, l'apparition des premiers reliefs associés au début de l'orogenèse hercynienne.

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“…Previous to the present work, studies focused on the morphology and anatomy of the fossil plants recovered from these rocks (Andrews et al, 1968;Gensel et al, 1969;Kasper and Andrews, 1972;Kasper et al, 1974;Andrews et al, 1977;Kasper and Forbes, 1979;and Kasper et al, 1988). Two new genera and six new species of early vascular and nonvascular land plants were identifi ed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sedimentology and taphonomy of the Early to Middle Devonian plant-bearing beds of the Trout Valley Formation, Maine

Allen¹,

Gastaldo²

2006

Wetlands Through Time

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The Trout Valley Formation of Emsian-Eifelian age in Baxter State Park, Maine, consists of fl uvial and coastal deposits that preserve early land plants (embryophytes). Seven facies are recognized and represent deposits of main river channels (Facies 1, 2), fl ood basin (Facies 4), storm-infl uenced nearshore shelf bars (Facies 3), a paleosol (Facies 5), and tidal fl ats and channels (Facies 6, 7). The majority of plant assemblages are preserved in siltstones and are allochthonous and parautochthonous, with only one autochthonous assemblage identifi ed in the sequence above an apparent paleosol horizon. Taphonomic analysis reveals that plant material within allochthonous assemblages is highly fragmented, poorly preserved, and decayed. Plant material within parautochthonous assemblages shows evidence of minimal transport, is well preserved, and shows signs of biologic response after burial. The one autochthonous assemblage contains small root traces. Trimerophytes (Psilophyton and Pertica quadrifaria), rhyniophytes (cf. Taeniocrada), and lycopods (Drepanophycus and Kaulangiophyton) are the most common taxa in estuarine environments. Psilophyton taxa, Pertica, cf. Taeniocrada, and Drepanophycus are found also in fl uvial settings. The presence of tidal infl uence in deposits where parautochthonous and autochthonous assemblages occur shows that these plants occupied coastal-estuarine areas. However, the effects on the growth and colonization of plants of the physical conditions (e.g., salinity) that exist in these settings in the Early to Middle Devonian are unknown.

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Psilophyton forbesii, a New Devonian Plant from Northern Maine

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Pertica, a New Genus of Devonian Plants From Northern Maine

Pertica, a New Genus of Devonian Plants From Northern Maine

Age and depositional environment of the Sainte-Anne Formation (Armorican Massif, France): the oldest (Emsian) evidence for mountain erosion in the Variscan belt

Sedimentology and taphonomy of the Early to Middle Devonian plant-bearing beds of the Trout Valley Formation, Maine

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