2012
DOI: 10.1080/18756891.2012.696921
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PSO-Optimized Hopfield Neural Network-Based Multipath Routing for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Abstract: Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a dynamic collection of mobile computers without the need for any existing infrastructure. Nodes in a MANET act as hosts and routers. Designing of robust routing algorithms for MANETs is a challenging task. Disjoint multipath routing protocols address this problem and increase the reliability, security and lifetime of network. However, selecting an optimal multipath is an NP-complete problem. In this paper, Hopfield neural network (HNN) which its parameters are optimized by par… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…BIAs proved to be more efficient and autonomous than other Artificial intelligence algorithms in unknown and changing environments as MANET. BIAs as routing protocols in MANET was investigated in many proposed studies as in [38][39][40][41][42][43]. While other researchers believe that the main objective of using BIAs in MANET is to optimize nodes energy as it is one of the main factors that affect the Quality of Service (QoS) Metrics.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…BIAs proved to be more efficient and autonomous than other Artificial intelligence algorithms in unknown and changing environments as MANET. BIAs as routing protocols in MANET was investigated in many proposed studies as in [38][39][40][41][42][43]. While other researchers believe that the main objective of using BIAs in MANET is to optimize nodes energy as it is one of the main factors that affect the Quality of Service (QoS) Metrics.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, the energy efficiency of the optimization approach is restrained by various factors namely residual energy of sensor node (SN), bandwidth, intra-cluster distance, harmony memory size, energy consumption, harmony memory considering rate and path length. In a multi-dimensional hunt space, the swarm particles are moved and have their own network node position vector and velocity, which are defined as follows Sheikhan and Hemmati [44]:…”
Section: Optimization Techniquementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The velocity is measured based on the below equation, which is from Shi and Eberhart [45], Sheikhan and Hemmati [44]:…”
Section: Optimization Techniquementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The most important factor in utilizing ANN is the determinations of its network structure and parameters. Evolutionary algorithms such as ICA 2 and PSO 3,4 can be employed to achieve these objectives.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%