PSpice Modeling of a Sandwich Piezoelectric Ceramic Ultrasonic Transducer in Longitudinal Vibration

Abstract

Sandwiched piezoelectric transducers are widely used, especially in high power applications. For more convenient analysis and design, a PSpice lossy model of sandwiched piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers in longitudinal vibration is proposed by means of the one-dimensional wave and transmission line theories. With the proposed model, the resonance and antiresonance frequencies are obtained, and it is shown that the simulations and measurements have good consistency. For the purpose of further verification the accuracy and application of the PSpice model, a pitch-catch setup and an experimental platform are built. They include two sandwiched piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers and two aluminum cylinders whose lengths are 20 mm and 100 mm respectively. Based on this pitch-catch setup, the impedance and transient analysis are performed. Compared with the measured results, it is shown that the simulated results have good consistency. In addition, the conclusion can be drawn that the optimal excitation frequency for the pitch-catch setup is not necessarily the resonance frequency of ultrasonic transducers, because the resonance frequency is obtained under no load. The proposed PSpice model of the sandwiched piezoelectric transducer is more conveniently applied to combine with other circuits such as driving circuits, filters, amplifiers, and so on.

Parametric Study of Bolt Clamping Effect on Resonance Characteristics of Langevin Transducers with Lumped Circuit Models

“…A numerical model is formulated to calculate the electrical input impedance of Langevin transducers over a certain frequency range. There are various equivalent models for representing the complex behavior of the piezoelectric material including Krimholtz, Leedom, and Matthae (KLM), Mason, Van Dyke, and Leach models [13][14][15]. Among them, the Mason model exhibits simpler electrical analogy than the others, consisting of two terminal impedances, a cross-impedance, and a clamped capacitance separated through an ideal transformer.…”

The Study of Non-Detection Zones in Conventional Long-Distance Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection on Square Steel Bars

“…These customized ultrasonic longitudinal-wave probes [21,22] with a central frequency of 30 kHz are installed using the dual-probe echo method. The signals are acquired and displayed using an oscilloscope (Tektronix MD04104) and the waves are recorded and the data are captured using a wave recorder (HIOKI MR8875-30), as shown in Figure 4b.…”

“…where ρ represents the material density, when the transverse wave propagates, the normal stress σ 22 and the shear stress σ 12 are expressed as:…”

Feature Extraction for Track Section Status Classification Based on UGW Signals

“…An amplitude dispersion compensation for damage detection using UGW signals was studied in [23,24], and a study of non-detection zones in conventional long-distance UGW inspection on square steel bars was presented. Finally, various previous works have also dealt with mode identification and denoising methods for UGW signals [25,26], as well as with modelling of a UGW transducer [27]. However, ways to extract the features and regular rules of UGW signals in the track status monitoring system are still very important for track status detection.…”