Psychiatric and audiologic features of misophonia: Use of a clinical control group with auditory over-responsivity

Siepsiak, Marta; Rosenthal, M. Zachary; Raj-Koziak, Danuta; Dragan, Wojciech Ł.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110777

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In other words, those with low ULLmin values were more likely to show symptoms of misophonia. In contrast, Siepsiak et al (2022) reported no statistically significant difference in average ULLs across ears between patients with and without misophonia, although there was a trend in the same direction as found in the present study. The difference across studies may be a consequence of the different study populations, but may also be related to differences in the method for measuring ULLs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…The percentage of patients with hearing loss among those with misophonia symptoms reported here is higher than reported in previous studies. For example, Enzler et al (2021b) reported that 22% of individuals with misophonia as measured via the MisoQuest had self-reported hearing issues and Siepsiak et al (2022) reported hearing loss in 16% of participants with misophonia, as diagnosed using the criteria of Schroder et al (2013) . Most of the patients in those studies were recruited via social media, so their study population was different from that for our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies of misophonia performed in mental health settings have not conducted full audiological evaluations, but some have performed pure tone audiometry on a sub-group of patients ( Sztuka et al, 2010 ; Schroder et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Jager et al, 2020a , b ; Siepsiak et al, 2022 ). Generally, no hearing loss was found, although some cases of tinnitus and/or hyperacusis were reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Aazh and Moore (2017b) reported that among patients seeking help for tinnitus and/or hyperacusis the difference between ULLs at 1 and 8 kHz was ≥20 dB for about 10%, perhaps indicating misophonia. Siepsiak et al (2022) compared ULLs for 62 patients with misophonia and 51 individuals with no sound sensitivity symptoms. The average ULL across ears was about 85 dB HL (standard deviation, SD = 16 dB) for the misophonia group and 90 dB HL (SD = 14 dB) for the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant, perhaps because of the large SD within each group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Audiological and Other Factors Predicting the Presence of Misophonia Symptoms Among a Clinical Population Seeking Help for Tinnitus and/or Hyperacusis

et al. 2022

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This paper evaluates the proportion and the audiological and other characteristics of patients with symptoms of misophonia among a population seeking help for tinnitus and/or hyperacusis at an audiology clinic (n = 257). To assess such symptoms, patients were asked “over the last 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems? Feeling angry or anxious when hearing certain sounds related to eating noises, lip-smacking, sniffling, breathing, clicking sounds, tapping?”. The results of routine audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Measures included: pure tone audiometry, uncomfortable loudness levels (ULLs), and responses to the tinnitus impact questionnaire (TIQ), the hyperacusis impact questionnaire (HIQ), and the screening for anxiety and depression in tinnitus (SAD-T) questionnaire. The mean age of the patients was 53 years (SD = 16) (age range 17 to 97 years). Fifty four percent were female. Twenty-three percent of patients were classified as having misophonia. The presence and frequency of reporting misophonia symptoms were not related to audiometric thresholds, except that a steeply sloping audiogram reduced the likelihood of frequent misophonia symptoms. Those with more frequent misophonia symptoms had lower values of ULLmin (the across-frequency average of ULLs for the ear with lower average ULLs) than those with less frequent or no reported symptoms. The reported frequency of experiencing misophonia symptoms increased with increasing impact of tinnitus (TIQ score ≥9), increasing impact of hyperacusis (HIQ score >11), and symptoms of anxiety and depression (SAD-T score ≥4). It is concluded that, when assessing individuals with tinnitus and hyperacusis, it is important to screen for misophonia, particularly when ULLmin is abnormally low or the TIQ, HIQ or SAD-T score is high. This will help clinicians to distinguish patients with misophonia, guiding the choice of therapeutic strategies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Audiological and Other Factors Predicting the Presence of Misophonia Symptoms Among a Clinical Population Seeking Help for Tinnitus and/or Hyperacusis

et al. 2022

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“…However, although audiological measurement is historically a suggested component of the assessment of misophonia, there is no agreement on the protocol that should be performed [ 24 ]. The lack of consensus is due to the fact that there are no clear audiological criteria for the diagnosis of misophonia, as misophonic patients have shown both reduced levels of hearing and normal levels [ 4 , 73 ]. Audiological assessment includes measurement of pitch thresholds and sound discomfort levels, but since no such criteria are known to characterize misophonia, for now, assessment should focus on the clinical history and questionnaires described below.…”

Section: Results Of the Bibliographic Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misophonia: A Systematic Review of Current and Future Trends in This Emerging Clinical Field

Ferrer-Torres

2022

IJERPH

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Misophonia is a scarcely known disorder. This systematic review (1) offers a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the literature since 2001, (2) identifies the most relevant aspects but also controversies, (3) identifies the theoretical and methodological approaches, and (4) highlights the outstanding advances until May 2022 as well as aspects that remain unknown and deserve future research efforts. Misophonia is characterized by strong physiological, emotional, and behavioral reactions to auditory, visual, and/or kinesthetic stimuli of different nature regardless of their physical characteristics. These misophonic responses include anger, general discomfort, disgust, anxiety, and avoidance and escape behaviors, and decrease the quality of life of the people with the disorder and their relatives. There is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria yet. High comorbidity between misophonia and other psychiatric and auditory disorders is reported. Importantly, the confusion with other disorders contributes to its underdiagnosis. In recent years, assessment systems with good psychometric properties have increased considerably, as have treatment proposals. Although misophonia is not yet included in international classification systems, it is an emerging field of growing scientific and clinical interest.

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Mimicry in misophonia: A large‐scale survey of prevalence and relationship with trigger sounds

Ash,

Benzaquén,

Gander

et al. 2023

J Clin Psychol

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BackgroundMisophonia is often referred to as a disorder that is characterized by excessive negative emotional responses, including anger and anxiety, to “trigger sounds” which are typically day‐to‐day sounds, such as those generated from people eating, chewing, and breathing. Misophonia (literally “hatred of sounds”) has commonly been understood within an auditory processing framework where sounds cause distress due to aberrant processing in the auditory and emotional systems of the brain. However, a recent proposal suggests that it is the perceived action (e.g., mouth movement in eating/chewing sounds as triggers) of the trigger person, and not the sounds per se, that drives the distress in misophonia. Since observation or listening to sounds of actions of others are known to prompt mimicry in perceivers, we hypothesized that mimicking the action of the trigger person may be prevalent in misophonia. Apart from a few case studies and anecdotal information, a relation between mimicking and misophonia has not been systematically evaluated.MethodIn this work, we addressed this limitation by collecting data on misophonia symptoms and mimicry behavior using online questionnaires from 676 participants.ResultsAnalysis of these data shows that (i) more than 45% of individuals with misophonia reported mimicry, indicating its wide prevalence, (ii) the tendency to mimic varies in direct proportion to misophonia severity, (iii) compared to other human and environmental sounds, trigger sounds of eating and chewing are more likely to trigger mimicking, and (iv) the act of mimicking provides some degree of relief from distress to people with misophonia.ConclusionThis study shows prevalence of mimicry and its relation to misophonia severity and trigger types. The theoretical framework of misophonia needs to incorporate the phenomenon of mimicry and its effect on management of misophonia distress.

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Psychiatric and audiologic features of misophonia: Use of a clinical control group with auditory over-responsivity

Cited by 34 publications

References 36 publications

Audiological and Other Factors Predicting the Presence of Misophonia Symptoms Among a Clinical Population Seeking Help for Tinnitus and/or Hyperacusis

Audiological and Other Factors Predicting the Presence of Misophonia Symptoms Among a Clinical Population Seeking Help for Tinnitus and/or Hyperacusis

Misophonia: A Systematic Review of Current and Future Trends in This Emerging Clinical Field

Mimicry in misophonia: A large‐scale survey of prevalence and relationship with trigger sounds

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