Psychiatric Consultation in a Spinal Injuries Unit

Judd, Fiona; Brown, Douglas J.

doi:10.1177/000486749202600205

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…74 Course: PU prevalence stable over 16 years in one study, 75 increased over time in another, 11 and was stable during the first 10 years following injury, and then increased 15 years post injury in a third. 72 Depression 13 1995-2011 64-3678 Current probable major depressive disorder (based on measure score): 10-59% [76][77][78][79][80] Current moderate depression (based on measure score): 23-38% 81,82 Current moderate severe or severe depression (based on measure score): 9% 81 Current suicidal ideation: 15% 81 Depression recorded from medical record during initial rehabilitation: 14% 83 Self-report of depression in the previous 12 months: 22% 37 Of all encounters in a VA system, at least 1 encounter coded as addressing a depression diagnosis: 22% 84 Age: age assoc w/depression scores in some studies (aged 25-49 4older and younger), 77 (younger at injury 4older at injury), 76 (younger 4older), 51 but not others. 66,80 Duration: duration assoc w/depression scores in one study (1-year post injury 45-years post injury).…”

Section: Prevalence and Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and age effects of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: a scoping review

et al. 2013

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Study design: Scoping review. Objectives: To gain a better understanding of the prevalence, course and association with age of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Seattle, Washington, USA. Methods: We performed searches of electronic databases for studies published from 1986-2011 that provided information regarding the prevalence, course or associations with age and duration of secondary health conditions in individuals with SCI. Results: Ninety-two studies were included. The findings indicate that: (1) individuals with SCI experience a number of secondary health conditions, many of which occur at a higher rate in those with SCI than the normative population; (2) the most common conditions or symptoms are pain, bowel and bladder regulation problems, muscle spasms, fatigue, esophageal symptom and osteoporosis; (3) a number of conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, bone mineral density loss, fatigue and respiratory complications or infections, occur with higher frequency in older individuals or those with longer SCI duration, relative to younger individuals or those with shorter SCI duration; and (4) there is a marked lack of longitudinal research examining the natural course of health conditions in individuals aging with SCI. Conclusions: The findings support the conclusion that individuals with SCI show signs of 'premature aging' in different organ systems. Longitudinal research is needed to understand when problems are most likely to emerge, and to develop and test the efficacy of interventions to prevent these health conditions and their negative impact.

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Section: Prevalence and Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and age effects of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: a scoping review

et al. 2013

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“…Depression and anxiety are not inevitable consequences of SCI (Craig, Hancock & Dickson, 1994b;Hancock, Craig, Martin, Dickson & Chang, 1993a;Judd, Brown & Burrows, i991;Kishi et al, 1994;MacDonald, Neilson & Cameron, i987;Richards, 1985). However, results from controlled longitudinal research suggested that up to 30% of SCI persons have raised levels of anxiety and depressive mood which does not diminish significantly over time up to two years (Craig et al, 1994b;Hancock et al, 1993a;Judd & Brown, 1992;Kishi et al, 1994). Spinal injured persons have higher risks of suffering depression and high levels of anxiety and this has been shown by researchers using either prospective or retrospective designs (Buckelew, Baumstark, Frank & Hewett, 1990;Craig, et al, 1994b;Craig, et al, 1997;Fuhrer, Rintala, Hart, Clearman, & Young, 1993;Hancock, et al, 1993a;Judd, et al, 1991;Kennedy, 1996;Kishi et al, 1994).…”

Section: Depression Anxiety Coping Styles and Self-esteemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical psychology and neurological disability: Psychological therapies for stuttering

Craig

2003

Clinical Psychologist

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Services offered by clinical psychologists to those with neurological disorders such as spinal cord injury has historically been limited. While many with SCI can obtain an acceptable quality of life following the injury, a substantial minority have been found to be at risk of developing abnormal levels of anxiety and depressive mood, and of experiencing negative life events such as divorce, drug abuse and social discrimination. Hospital re‐admissions rates are generally high for this minority and complications arising from self‐neglect are prevalent. In the face of the injury, many may also adopt helpless and fatalistic coping strategies. However, recent clinical trials suggest therapy that includes a cognitive behavioural component has great potential for enhancing the quality of the lives of spinal cord injured (SCI) persons. These trials suggest that clinical psychologist services that utilised a similar cognitive therapy approach (during rehabilitation or after rehabilitation) could result in immediate and long‐ term improvements in life outcomes for those with SCI who have high levels of psychological distress.

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“…For instance, suicide rates in SCI populations have been shown to be four to five times that for age±sex-specific rates for the community (DeVivo et al, 1991;Harris and Barraclough, 1994). Being male, depressed, engaging in alcohol and other drug abuse, and having poor family support have also been shown to be risk factors for suicide (Judd and Brown, 1992). For those who survive SCI for the first 5±10 years, suicide rates have been shown to be similar to the general population (Dijkers et al, 1995).…”

Section: Suicide Risks Of Disease and Drug Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Living with spinal cord injury: longitudinal factors, interventions and outcomes

Craig

Hancock

1998

Clin. Psychol. Psychother.

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While spinal cord injury (SCI) persons can enjoy a satisfactory quality of life, a significant minority have been found to suffer abnormal levels of negative life indicators like divorce, drug abuse and social discrimination. Re-admissions rates are generally high and complications arising from self-neglect are prevalent. Furthermore, SCI persons have high risks of developing abnormal levels of anxiety and depressive moods. The coping styles of SCI persons have also been shown to be altered, for instance, with a greater chance of them adopting helpless and fatalistic strategies. Treatment is needed that can reduce risks of these problems without further reducing quality of life. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) offered during hospital rehabilitation has been shown to be successful in reducing levels of anxiety and depressive mood, drug abuse and hospital re-admissions compared to SCI persons who received traditional rehabilitation. These results strongly suggest that the provision of specialized psychological treatments like CBT will enhance adjustment and raise quality of life for those living with a debilitating injury. #

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Psychiatric Consultation in a Spinal Injuries Unit

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Frequency and age effects of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: a scoping review

Frequency and age effects of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury: a scoping review

Clinical psychology and neurological disability: Psychological therapies for stuttering

Living with spinal cord injury: longitudinal factors, interventions and outcomes

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