Psychiatric Disorders, High-Risk Behaviors, and Chronicity of Episodes Among Predominantly African American Homeless Chicago Youth

Castro, Anne L; Gustafson, Erika; Ford, Ashley E.; Edidin, Jennifer P.; Smith, Dale L.; Karnik, Niranjan S.

doi:10.1353/hpu.2014.0124

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A few scholars have documented that having access to social support is associated with fewer negative mental health symptoms among homeless youth and can reduce the frequency of suicidality and other maladaptive behaviors (Castro et al 2014;Fulginiti et al 2016;Irwin et al 2008;Moskowitz et al 2013;Unger et al 1998). Social support from personal networks can also offer critical instrumental coping assistance in finding employment and being successful in finding housing (Barman-Adhikari and Rice 2014;Holtschneider 2016).…”

Section: The Support Network Of Rhymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support Networks and the Mental Health of Runaway and Homeless Youth

2017

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Abstract:In response to growing concerns about the rising number of runaway and homeless youth (RHY) in the U.S., researchers have sought to improve the scientific understanding of health and mental health needs, as well as the social resources available to these youths. In this paper, we examine the relationship between personal support network resources and the mental health status of a sample of RHY (N = 693) surveyed in metro-Atlanta, Georgia. The results suggest that having more supportive network ties reduces the risk of youth experiencing significant symptoms of a severe mental illness. We also find that older youth and youth who have been homeless for six months or longer have fewer personal support network resources. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our findings for future research and services for this exceptionally vulnerable population.

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Section: The Support Network Of Rhymentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support Networks and the Mental Health of Runaway and Homeless Youth

2017

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“…Rates of abuse are high among homeless youth with 77% of homeless youth reporting physical abuse, sexual abuse, or both (Ryan, Kilmer, Cauce, Watanabe, & Hoyt, 2000). Given this background, it is not surprising that homeless youth experience disproportionate rates of emotional and behavioral problems, including suicide, high risk behaviors, and psychiatric disorders (Castro et al, 2014; Quimby et al, 2002; Slesnick, Prestopnik, Meyers, & Glassman, 2007). Estimates suggest that nearly two-thirds of homeless youth meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder (Cauce et al, 2000) with particularly high rates of depression, post-traumatic stress, alcohol and substance abuse, and conduct disorders (Whitbeck, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Exploring the potential of technology-based mental health services for homeless youth: A qualitative study.

Adkins¹,

Zalta²,

Boley³

et al. 2017

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Homelessness has serious consequences for youth that heighten the need for mental health services; however, these individuals face significant barriers to access. New models of intervention delivery are required to improve the dissemination of mental health interventions that tailor these services to the unique challenges faced by homeless youth. The purpose of this study was to better understand homeless youths’ use of technology, mental health experiences and needs, and willingness to engage with technology-supported mental health interventions to help guide the development of future youth-facing technology-supported interventions. Five focus groups were conducted with 24 homeless youth (62.5% female) in an urban shelter. Youth were 18 to 20 years old with current periods of homelessness ranging from six days to four years. Transcripts of these focus groups were coded to identify themes. Homeless youth reported using mobile phones frequently for communication, music, and social media. They indicated a lack of trust and a history of poor relationships with mental health providers despite recognizing the need for general support as well as help for specific mental health problems. Although initial feelings towards technology that share information with a provider were mixed, they reported an acceptance of tracking and sharing information under certain circumstances. Based on these results, we provide recommendations for the development of mental health interventions for this population focusing on technology-based treatment options.

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“…In a sample of predominantly African American YEH, Castro et. al., found that a higher number of psychiatric diagnoses was positively correlated with higher number of sexual risk behaviors [64], and improvements in depressive symptoms were positively associated with decreases in the overall HIV risk index and number of sex partners. The literature suggests that depressive symptoms are a risk factor for HIV risk behaviors [62,65,66] and that stress, mental health, and substance use should be considered when assessing sexual risk among YEH [66].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sexual risk classes among youth experiencing homelessness: Relation to childhood adversities, current mental symptoms, substance use, and HIV testing

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to determine whether there are meaningful subgroups with different types of sexual risk behaviors among youth experiencing homelessness and examine the associations between potential classes and other risk variables. A latent class analysis was used to identify classes of youth according to sexual risk behaviors and sexual assault. A two-class solution was found to be the best fit for the data-Lower and Higher Risk groups. The Higher Risk class had significantly higher levels of synthetic marijuana and alcohol use, mental health diagnoses, and were more likely to have been tested for HIV than the Lower Risk group. Youth were more likely to be in the Higher Risk group if they were cisgender female or lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (LGBQ). Nearly all youth (10/11) who reported having HIV infection were in the Higher Risk group. The Lower Risk group were sexually active but had lower rates of risk behaviors and sexual assault. Youth who were not sexually active had the lowest rates of marijuana and alcohol use as well as HIV testing. Health and social service providers should be aware of the added risks for stress, mental distress, mental health diagnoses, and substance use among youth who also report higher risk sexual behaviors and treat as needed.

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Psychiatric Disorders, High-Risk Behaviors, and Chronicity of Episodes Among Predominantly African American Homeless Chicago Youth

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Social Support Networks and the Mental Health of Runaway and Homeless Youth

Social Support Networks and the Mental Health of Runaway and Homeless Youth

Exploring the potential of technology-based mental health services for homeless youth: A qualitative study.

Sexual risk classes among youth experiencing homelessness: Relation to childhood adversities, current mental symptoms, substance use, and HIV testing

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