Psychiatric Disorders of Children “in Care”: Methodology and Demographic Correlates

Stein, Eleanor; Rae‐Grant, Naomi I.; Ackland, Susan; Avison, William R.

doi:10.1177/070674379403900605

Cited by 73 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Given that the literature repeatedly reports that foster children have higher rates of mental health concerns than community samples, it was not unexpected that the OCWS rate of 31.7% among permanent wards was 1½ times higher than the 18.1% previously found among the general population of children in Ontario 34 or the average of 14.3% found across 6 international studies. 12 The OCWS rate appears particularly high comparatively because, in another study, Offord and colleagues 33 relied only on participants' scores on the Achenbach scales to determine whether a child qualified for a diagnosis, which likely produced a lower threshold than did the OCWS methodology.…”

Section: Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Associated Service Variables among Ontario Children Who are Permanent Wards

Burge

2007

Can J Psychiatry

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Objective: To identify the prevalence rate of mental disorders among Ontario children who are permanent wards and also the key practice and descriptive variables associated with their diagnostic status.Method: I reviewed case files from a stratified random sample of 429 Ontario children who were permanent wards with no access to biological parents on December 31, 2003. Data abstracted from files included information on descriptive variables (such as age, sex, and type of permanent ward), all disorders (that is, mental and other current medical diagnoses and disabilities), family history, maltreatment experiences, service history (such as age at admission to care and current residential placement type), and permanency plans.

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Section: Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 88%

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Associated Service Variables among Ontario Children Who are Permanent Wards

Burge

2007

Can J Psychiatry

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“…5.5% (24) 8.6% (29) 6.5% (43) 6.2% (96) Visual 3.2% (14) 2.7% (12) 3.8% (25) 3.3% (51) Nonaccidental trauma (suspicious) 3.9% (17) 3.7% (16) 2.0% (13) 3.0% (46)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physical, Developmental, and Mental Health Needs of Young Children in Child Welfare by Initial Placement Type

Leslie¹,

Gordon²,

Meneken³

et al. 2005

Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics

171

122

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The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends comprehensive assessments for children entering foster care. These children may be placed with biological parents, kin, or in nonrelative foster care. It is not known whether health-related needs differ by placement. Chart abstractions were conducted of child welfare and medical records of 1542 children, ages 3 months to 5 years 11 months, admitted to San Diego's sole emergency shelter/receiving facility from April 1, 1998, through June 30, 1999, for investigation of alleged maltreatment. Children were discharged to three placement types: biological parents (28.5%), kinship caregivers (28.4%), or nonrelative foster parents (43.1%), Overall, 86.7% of children studied demonstrated physical, developmental, or mental health needs, with more than half displaying two or more problems. More than half of the children had a "Suspect" score on the Denver-II; 70.3% of children with "Suspect" scores were found to have delay on a development evaluation. Almost one tenth of the sample were diagnosed with one or more mental health conditions. Few differences were found for physical, developmental, or mental health concerns by placement. Results suggest that young children placed with biological parents or in kinship care have similar needs to those of children placed with foster parents. This study confirms the importance of comprehensive assessments for young children removed from their homes, regardless of placement. It also illustrates a need for standardized assessment criteria, particularly for developmental and mental health status, and for collaborative care models for all young children entering the child welfare system, regardless of their placement following investigation. Index termsfoster care; child welfare; developmental delay; mental health; physical healthThe estimated 826,000 children currently served by the child welfare/child protective services system 1 (hereafter termed child welfare) are more susceptible to poor health outcomes than any other subpopulation of youth in the United States. These children are removed from their homes when parents are unable to care for them due to prenatal drug/alcohol exposure, abuse, neglect, and/or violence. These background risk factors predispose these children to a myriad of physical, developmental, and mental health problems. Infants and toddlers, who are dependent on the care of others during a critical phase of brain development, 2-5 are especially vulnerable to both the experience and consequences of maltreatment 6-9 and are the most rapidly expanding age group entering child welfare. 3,10 Overall, the largest age group in child welfare (30%) is composed of children younger than 5 years of age. 1 Out-of-home placement can compound these problems if services are not provided effectively. Recent federal amendments to the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) in 2003 recommend that states enhance collaboration among public health agencies, child welfare, and community programs to address the comprehensive...

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“…16,18,19,[22][23][24] Research indicates that between 40% and 60% of youths in foster care have at least 1 psychiatric disorder, and approximately 33% have 3 or more diagnosed psychiatric problems. 25 There is a considerable body of literature on mental health services among youth Medicaid populations. 8,15,[26][27][28][29][30][31] However, few studies have examined Medicaid reimbursement claims for youths in foster care relative to other Medicaid recipients.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mental health services for youths in foster care and disabled youths

dosReis

Zito

Safer³

et al. 2001

Am J Public Health

194

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OBJECTIVES: This study assessed whether mental health services for youths differ with respect to medical assistance aid category. METHODS: Computerized claims for 15,507 youths with Medicaid insurance in a populous county of a mid-Atlantic state were used to establish population-based prevalence estimates of mental disorders and psychotherapeutic treatments during 1996. RESULTS: An analysis of service claims revealed that the prevalence of mental disorders among youths enrolled in foster care (57%) was twice that of youths receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI; 26%) and nearly 15 times that of other youths receiving other types of aid (4%). Rates of mental health service use were pronounced among foster care youths aged 6 to 14 years. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression, and developmental disorders were the most prevalent disorders. Stimulants, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants were the most prevalent medications. CONCLUSIONS: Youths enrolled in foster care and youths receiving SSI use far more mental health services than do youths in other aid categories. Additional research should evaluate the complexity and outcomes of mental health services for youths in foster care.

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Psychiatric Disorders of Children “in Care”: Methodology and Demographic Correlates

Cited by 73 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Associated Service Variables among Ontario Children Who are Permanent Wards

Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Associated Service Variables among Ontario Children Who are Permanent Wards

The Physical, Developmental, and Mental Health Needs of Young Children in Child Welfare by Initial Placement Type

Mental health services for youths in foster care and disabled youths

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