Psychiatric morbidity, somatic comorbidity and substance use in an adolescent psychiatric population at 3-year follow-up

Gårdvik, Kari Skulstad; Rygg, Marite; Torgersen, Terje; Lydersen, Stian; Indredavik, Marit S.

doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01602-8

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It's not easy to know if cannabis and other illegal drugs exist unless someone is in the loop of business which is done in secrecy [31]. These findings were relatively similar to those reported in a cross-sectional study in lake zone Tanzania whereby [18] and other countries such as Sweden [36], Norway [17,32,33], and Nigeria [7]. Similarities in the type of substance (s) commonly used among patients with mental illness between the current study and other studies can be explained by the availability of the particular substances in those countries and the patient's characteristics.…”

Section: Commonly Used Substances Among Patients With Mental Illnesssupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of substance use and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Karino

Ambikile

Iseselo

2023

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The burden of substance use among patients with mental illness is prevalent in developing countries including Tanzania with negative consequences on treatment outcomes. However, the current prevalence of substance use and its associated factors in this population remains unclear in Tanzania. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam Tanzania. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study between March and May 2022. Data were collected during a face-to-face interview with patients attending the outpatient clinic at the Psychiatric Unit at MNH. We used a structured social demographic questionnaire and WHO ASSIST V3.0 tool was used to collect the data. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 26 to determine the association between patient characteristics and substance use. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 364 patients were enrolled. Among these, 215 (59.1%) were males and the mean (SD) age was 35.57 (±9.01) years. We found the prevalence of substance use to be 32.7%, and the most commonly used substance was alcohol (21.7%), followed by tobacco (19.8%) and cannabis (12.7%). Being a male [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.133; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.258-3.619; P=0.005], younger age [AOR:3.301; 95% CI: 1.152-9.453; P=0.026], positive family history of mental illness [AOR:2.423; 95% CI: 1.448-4.056; P=0.001], and having a family history of substance use [AOR:3.721; 95% CI: 2.215-6.252; P=0.001], were significantly associated with substances use. In conclusion, substance use among patients with mental illness is prevalent. Establishing a routine screening program at the psychiatric clinics is essential in identifying substance use among these risk groups and providing appropriate treatment will improve treatment outcomes. Future research should explore help-seeking behaviors and the accessibility of substance use treatment in patients with mental illness.

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Section: Commonly Used Substances Among Patients With Mental Illnesssupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of substance use and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Karino

Ambikile

Iseselo

2023

Preprint

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“…Many of these adolescents have experienced IPV [ 7 ]. Previous results from the current study has shown that three out of four adolescents still had a psychiatric disorder 3 years after inclusion, and that chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Interpersonal violence and recurrent headache among adolescents with a history of psychiatric problems

2023

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Background Interpersonal violence (IPV) is found to be associated with mental health problems and pain disorders such as headache among children and adolescents. It is well-known that adolescents in need of mental health services have experienced IPV more often than adolescents in the general population. However, there has not been much focus on pain conditions in child and adolescent psychiatric populations. Methods Data from the current study are based on a 3-year follow-up of the CAP-survey, which is a study of adolescents in the child and adolescent psychiatric unit population of St. Olavs Hospital (Trondheim University Hospital). The baseline study was conducted between 2009 and 2011, with 717 participants between 13 and 18 years. All participants were enrolled, or newly referred to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinic. At follow-up, 570 participants completed questionnaire, and 550 completed a diagnostic interview. The participants were aged 16–21 years (mean age 18.6 years). Results A third of the adolescents reported frequent headaches (weekly or daily). Adolescents with more severe mental problems were more likely to experience frequent headaches. Adolescents exposed to unpleasant sexual acts or bullying, reported more frequent headaches than non-exposed participants. Participants exposed to three or more types of IPV seemed to be at particularly high risk of experiencing frequent headache. Conclusions Both experiences of interpersonal violence and headache are common in this clinical psychiatric population. Clinicians should assess for headache disorders in addition to psychiatric and trauma assessment and provide need-based treatment to enhance chance of recovery among adolescents in mental health services.

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“…In the general population, the prevalence of multisite pain in both sexes had increased from Young-HUNT3 to HUNT4 but was still lower than that observed for in CAP. Additional descriptive statistics are published elsewhere [2].…”

Section: Sample Characteristics and Chronic Pain Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) typically emerges in childhood with an average global prevalence of 5%, often with difficulties continuing into adulthood [1], frequently showing high concurrent comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders [2]. ADHD diagnosis differs in level of core symptoms (inattentive or hyperactive presentation, or both), impairments, and comorbidities [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADHD diagnosis differs in level of core symptoms (inattentive or hyperactive presentation, or both), impairments, and comorbidities [3]. Comorbidities are significantly associated with somatic complaints such as pain [2,4,5], and persistent impairment in adult life [6]. Chronic pain, which typically is defined as pain lasting more than 3 months [7], is commonly reported by adolescents, with a wide variability in the reported prevalence estimates, varying according to age, sex (more prevalent in females), and country of origin [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of chronic and multisite pain in adolescents and young adults with ADHD: a comparative study between clinical and general population samples (the HUNT study)

Mundal

Schei

Lydersen

et al. 2023

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and chronic pain are prevalent and associated. We examined the prevalence and distribution of chronic pain in adolescents and young adults with ADHD using 9-years longitudinal data (from T1:2009–2011 to T3:2018–2019) with three time points from a clinical health survey compared to two age-matched reference population-based samples. Mixed-effect logistic regression and binary linear regression were used to estimate the probability for chronic and multisite pain at each time point and to compare the prevalence of chronic pain with the reference populations. The prevalence of chronic and multisite pain was high in those with ADHD, especially in female young adults, with highly prevalent chronic pain at 9 years of follow-up (75.9%) compared to 45.7% in females in the reference population. The probability of having pain was only statistically significant for chronic pain in males at 3 years of follow-up (41.9%, p = 0.021). Those with ADHD were at higher risk of reporting single-site and multisite pain compared to the general population at all measurement points. Longitudinal studies should be tailored to further understand the complex sex differences of comorbid chronic pain and ADHD in adolescents, exploring predictive factors of pain assessing long-term associations with bodyweight, psychiatric comorbidities, and possible mechanisms of stimulant use effects on pain.

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Psychiatric morbidity, somatic comorbidity and substance use in an adolescent psychiatric population at 3-year follow-up

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Prevalence of substance use and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Prevalence of substance use and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Interpersonal violence and recurrent headache among adolescents with a history of psychiatric problems

Prevalence of chronic and multisite pain in adolescents and young adults with ADHD: a comparative study between clinical and general population samples (the HUNT study)

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