Psychiatric Symptoms in Black Patients

Adebimpe, Victor R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4100-0_4

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In our study, social class was controlled for by educational level, and patients were age-and gender-matched, and therefore these factors should not have confounded our results. Adebimpe et al (1982) also reported a significantly higher frequency of somatic complaints by African Americans, but the age difference between groups may have been the primary reason for this finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Wohi

Smith

1997

Cultural Diversity and Mental Health

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The objective of this study was to compare the nature and severity of depressive symptoms in moderately depressed, medically healthy African American and White patients. Twenty age- and gender-matched subjects from each ethnic group who met criteria for a major depression were assessed with structured interviews, and their depression was evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). Overall severity of the depression was comparable between groups. When the individual HAM-D items were grouped into factors, Whites showed significantly more articulated/observed mood and anxiety symptoms, whereas African Americans had significantly more diurnal variation to their depression. There were no differences on other neurovegetative symptoms. These results are discussed in the context of past studies, which often used very heterogeneous populations not matched for socioeconomic status, and included those with comorbid psychiatric and medical illnesses. Although our sample size was relatively modest, the results suggest that clinicians should be aware of potential differences in symptom presentation when treating patients from different ethnic groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Wohi

Smith

1997

Cultural Diversity and Mental Health

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“…Adebimpe, 1981Adebimpe, , 1982Baskin, 1984;Grier & Cobbs, 1968;Jones & Gray, 1986;Ridley, 1984). Black people have developed what some clinicians describe as "cultural paranoia," which is a normative, healthy, and adaptive response to racism and oppression by a dominant White society (Grier & Cobbs, 1968;Ridley, 1984;Terrell & Terrell, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ethnicity/race, paranoia, and psychiatric diagnoses: Clinician bias versus sociocultural differences

Whaley

1997

J Psychopathol Behav Assess

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“…For example, some studies utilized item-level analysis of PANSS items (Barrio et al, 2003;Monette et al, 2021), rather than the five-factor model. Another explanation for discrepant findings may be the inclusion criteria restricting individuals in this study to being clinically stable, as previous studies have examined racial differences in symptoms within inpatient samples with more severe symptomatology (Adebimpe et al, 1981;Chu et al, 1985). Therefore, the present This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Black individuals also tend to perform worse on social cognitive assessments, particularly tasks evaluating emotion perception and theory of mind abilities (Brekke et al, 2005; Pinkham et al, 2017). Studies demonstrating differences in symptom severity are most common, with results suggesting higher prevalence rates of positive symptoms among Black individuals compared to White individuals (Adebimpe et al, 1981; Barrio et al, 2003; Chu et al, 1985; Nagendra, Schooler, et al, 2018), while other studies indicate more negative symptoms among White individuals compared to Black individuals (Fabrega et al, 1988). Taken together, these studies provide evidence that racial disparities exist among these established predictors of functioning in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Established Predictors Of Functioning In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial disparities and predictors of functioning in schizophrenia.

Merritt¹,

Halverson²,

Elliott³

et al. 2023

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Black Americans are diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders at more than twice the rate of White individuals and experience significantly worse outcomes following diagnosis. Little research has examined specific factors that may contribute to worse functional outcomes among Black Americans diagnosed with schizophrenia. One approach to understanding why racial disparities emerge is to examine established predictors of functioning in this population: neurocognition, social cognition, and symptom severity. The present study aims to broaden existing literature on racial differences within these domains by (a) examining racial differences in functioning and these established predictors of functioning (i.e., neurocognition, social, and symptom severity) and (b) investigating whether cognition and symptom domains similarly predict functioning between Black and White Americans with schizophrenia. Sixty-six participants' baseline neurocognition, social cognition, symptom severity, and functioning were assessed. Black participants demonstrated lower neurocognition scores and higher levels of disorganized symptoms relative to White participants. No racial differences in functioning or social cognition were observed. Further, race did not moderate the relationship between any of these established predictors and functioning outcomes. The largely nonsignificant differences in known predictors of functioning highlight the need to explore further domains that may be more relevant for understanding racial disparities in schizophrenia. Considering that psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia spectrum disorders often focus on cognition, these results underscore the importance of identifying whether these domains or other treatment targets may be better in addressing racial disparities in functioning. Possible areas of exploration for future

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Psychiatric Symptoms in Black Patients

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Clinical Presentations of Depression in African American and White Outpatients.

Ethnicity/race, paranoia, and psychiatric diagnoses: Clinician bias versus sociocultural differences

Racial disparities and predictors of functioning in schizophrenia.

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