Psychiatry in the aftermath of COVID-19

Vieta, Eduard; Pérez, Ví­ctor; Arango, Celso

doi:10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.04.004

Cited by 163 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…University students are not considered a risk group for COVID-19; however, the threatening news can potentially cause stress, fear [ 2 ], concern for family members, and drastic changes in daily routines, social contacts, and finances [ 3 ]. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) estimates that 60% of all students globally are affected by school closures [ 4 ], and numerous experts anticipate an adverse impact on mental health due to the pandemic and its containment measures [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Mental health problems and disorders are a serious public health issue in students with a fifth of students affected worldwide [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swiss University Students’ Risk Perception and General Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Dratva

Zysset

Schlatter

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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University students were confronted with abrupt changes to their daily lives by the COVID-19 lock-down. We investigated Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) and anxiety levels, and the association between perceived impact on well-being, studies, and daily lives and anxiety levels, adjusted for gender, age, social class and affiliation. Early in the lock-down all students of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (N = 12,429) were invited to a voluntary longitudinal health survey. Participation rate was 20% (n = 2437): 70% females, median age 25 yrs. (IQR 23–28). A total of 10% reported a deterioration of well-being compared to pre-Corona. LCA yielded three classes varying in perceived COVID-19 impact: 1 (low, n = 675), 2 (moderate, n = 1098), and 3 (strong, n = 656). Adjusted proportion of moderate to severe anxiety by class were 45% (95% CI: 28.0–62.0), 15.5% (95% CI: 13.1–17.9), and 5.1% (95% CI: 4.7–5.6), respectively. Multivariate regression analyses yielded an OR for moderate to severe anxiety of 3.88 (95% CI: 2.5–6.0, class 2) and 22.43 (95% CI: 14.5–34.6, class 3) compared to class-1. The investigated association implies that containment measures have a selective effect on anxiety in students. The diversity of students’ perception and associated anxiety should be monitored and considered in future response to pandemics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swiss University Students’ Risk Perception and General Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Dratva

Zysset

Schlatter

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…This affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia in humans [1]. At the time of conducting the present research work, a large section of the global population is in confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and Careers of University Students in Educational Practices as Factors of Individual Differences in Learning Environment and Psychological Factors during COVID-19

Gómez

2020

IJERPH

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The present research was carried out in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic following emergency school closures in an attempt to avoid the spread of infection. As a result, university students undertaking the final year of education degrees (teaching placements) have been obliged to deliver their teaching from home, adapting their teaching contexts to learning in virtual settings. A novel instrument was designed and validated in order to analyze the impact of learning environments and psychological factors in university students during a period of teaching placements. This took place in an adaptive context (state of confinement). Associations were determined between learning environments and psychological factors in adaptive contexts, in relation to the group to which they belonged (whether undertaking a degree in primary education, physical education and sport, early education or social education), and sex. The present study used a Delphi method, alongside a descriptive and quantitative analysis. The data demonstrate that learning environments differ according to the degree studied. The four analyzed groups revealed significant differences in relation to learning environments and psychological factors in adaptive confinement contexts. The subjects of Primary and Social Education were seen to be related with a greater possibility of being overwhelmed and reporting difficulties. Those more used to physical exercise showed more positive psychological indices. Females reported more negative responses. The conclusion reached is that the results of the present research will enable future additional multi-dimensional analysis to be conducted.

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“…However, many people may present with persistent and/or delayed effects in the form of anxiety disorders and depression. 30 More severe mental health problems may arise from the current crisis as stressful events in adult life have been shown to increase up to threefold the risk of psychosis in previously healthy individuals 31 and preliminary evidence points to an increase in first-episode psychosis in the months since the outbreak of the pandemic. 32 Recent evidence from a hospital in southern Spain suggests, over a short period of time, there has been an increase in brief reactive psychotic disorders in previously healthy populations directly triggered by stress related to the pandemic.…”

Section: Mental Health Consequences In the General Population: Dear Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our general medical knowledge is essential and may be required, thus psychiatry should be recognised as an equally considered medical specialty. 30 In psychiatric practice, to compensate for the shortages in several psychiatric units, other alternatives have been strengthened: mental health home care and home hospitalisation care (which includes home visits by a medical team and tele-monitoring) has been proposed as an alternative in order to avoid psychiatric hospital admissions, to ensure regular administration of long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications and to provide continuous monitoring of laboratory parameters during psychopharmacological treatment, including the tests required for patients treated with lithium and clozapine. 44 Another compensatory measure that has been adopted in psychiatry as well as in many medical specialties is a transition to telemedicine with out-patient tele-visits (via telephone, chat or video call).…”

Section: Towards a New Psychiatry In Times Of Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 The ongoing process of change in the public health system and the way we interact is raising new questions relating to mental health. As soon as possible after the peak of the pandemic it will be imperative to progressively reopen all mental health resources that have been closed or reduced, to reinforce in-patient and outpatient mental health and primary care services, 30 and to model novel interventions to tackle the current crisis and its consequences. 50…”

Section: Future Perspectives: Making Mental Healthcare Essentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A psychiatrist's perspective from a COVID-19 epicentre: a personal account

et al. 2020

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has and will have a huge impact on mental health, especially in countries that have been significantly affected, such as Spain. Aims Here we aim to provide the perspectives of a group of psychiatrists from Barcelona, one of the epicentres of the pandemic so far, to highlight the potential fatality of a virus that caught us unaware and unprepared, and hopefully this article will be of aid to countries about to face the pandemic. Results The unprecedented situations that we have been faced with so far have included reconfiguring hospitals and the redeployment of healthcare professionals, with flexibility and adaptability key to managing the overload in demand. This has led to healthcare professionals being exposed to extremely stressful situations and they have had impossible decisions to make that may have mental health consequences, some of which may be severe and long lasting. Conclusions A rebound effect on mental health problems is to be expected in the medium and long term, especially for healthcare professionals and psychiatric patients, necessitating a strengthening of preventive approaches and policies for mental health along with a prompt reopening of mental health services. Ways to provide psychiatric healthcare in the immediate future need to be re-evaluated, and the development of telepsychiatry services is probably to be expected.

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Psychiatry in the aftermath of COVID-19

Cited by 163 publications

References 31 publications

Swiss University Students’ Risk Perception and General Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Swiss University Students’ Risk Perception and General Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sex and Careers of University Students in Educational Practices as Factors of Individual Differences in Learning Environment and Psychological Factors during COVID-19

A psychiatrist's perspective from a COVID-19 epicentre: a personal account

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