Psychiatry in the time of the pandemic. Is COVID-19 changing the discipline?

Abstract

Purpose: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The research conducted to date has focused mainly on the somatic complications of the disease, while only a few studies look at the potential direct mental health effects of the virus and its neurotropic potential. Views: The COVID-19 pandemic is also a psychologically significant stressor, affecting not only every aspect of an individual's life, but also economic and social sectors around the world. The deterioration of mental health can be caused not only by the fear of illness, death, or job loss, and uncertainty about the future, but also social isolation resulting from the loss of structured educational activities, professional activities and sanitary regime. We are slowly beginning to see the progressing effect of the current pandemicnot only the increasing symptoms of panic, anxiety and depression, but also somatization disorders, disadaptive syndromes, chronic fatigue syndrome, psychoactive substance abuse, and possibly also fixed post-pandemic personality disorders. Nosophobia, when it comes to the pandemic, takes the form of "coronaphobia". Conclusions: The protracted duration of the pandemic poses a threat to mental health. It causes a growing failure of psychological mechanisms for coping with the current situation. The study attempts to identify especially mentally vulnerable social groups, including the impact on health protection professionals from the perspective of a physician specializing in psychiatry. Disturbing social phenomena, highlighted by the pandemic, were identified, and practical aspects of the pandemic discussed -the new tasks that psychiatrists and psychologists face.

Attitudes and perceptions towards public health safety measures during a global health crisis: Social and personal consequences

“…The more confusion or incorrect understanding, the more likely to experience disordered sleep, anxiety, or depression [53]. Prolonged exposure to isolating NPIs leads to long-lasting psychological damage and increased symptoms of anxiety, depression, panic, somatization of physical and mental illnesses, increased reliance on substances, and negative effects on personalities would invariably increase over the duration of NPIs [54,55]. There is also a potentially increased risk for psychological impairments following a SARS-CoV-2 infection as in SARS survivors, the compatibility of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 receptors in human brains provides a neurotropic effect which can lead to suicidal ideation, increased anger, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress [56].…”