Psychische Belastungsfaktoren in der Arbeitswelt: Modelle und Prävention

Junne, Florian; Rieger, Monika A.; Michaelis, Martina; Stuber, Felicitas; Nikendei, Christoph; Gündel, Harald; Zipfel, Stephan; Rothermund, Eva

doi:10.1055/s-0043-115156

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The job demand-control model [11], the job demand-control-support-model [12], the effort-reward-imbalance-model [13], and the concept of organizational justice [14] are further well-established theoretical models helping to understand the development of work-related stress. They relate potentially harmful factors (e.g., frequent interruptions and lack of leadership) and beneficial factors (e.g., good working atmosphere and appropriate salary) to health and health-related behaviors (e.g., [15,16]). Based on these models, existing European [3] and German [17] recommendations have structured work-related psychosocial factors, comprising, e.g., "work content and task" (e.g., completeness of tasks), "organization of work" (e.g., working procedures), "social relations" (e.g., social support from colleagues and managers), "working environment" (e.g., workplace equipment), and "new forms of work" (e.g., telework) [18].…”

Section: Work-related Stress In the Primary Care Environment In Germanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Work-Related Psychosocial Demands and Resources in General Practice Teams in Germany. A Team-Based Ethnography

Tsarouha

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Weltermann

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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General practices are established microenterprises in Germany providing a variety of preventive and therapeutic health care services and procedures in a challenging working environment. For example, general practice teams are confronted increasingly with work-related demands, which have been associated with poor psychological and physical outcomes. It is therefore important to gain a better understanding of issues related to occupational health and safety for personnel working in the primary care setting. This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of psychosocial demands and resources in the primary care setting. We applied an ethnographic design, comprising a combination of participating observations, individual interviews with general practitioners (GPs) (N = 6), and focus group discussion with practice assistants and administrative staff (N = 19) in five general practices in Germany. A grounded theory approach was applied to analyze all data. Our results identified psychosocial demands and resources exemplified mainly along two typical tasks in GP practices: the issuing of medical prescriptions and blood sampling. Main psychosocial demands included factors related to work content and tasks, organization of work, and the working environment. For example, daily routines across all practices were characterized by a very high work intensity including disturbances, interruptions, delegation, and the division of labor between GPs and practice staff. Work-related resources comprised the staff’s influence on aspects related to work organization and social support. The triangulation of methods and data formats allowed the disclosure of interconnectedness between these factors. Although work processes in general practices are complex and required to comply with legal regulations, there are opportunities for practice owners and practice teams to establish working procedures in ways that reduce psychosocial risks and strengthen work-related resources.

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Section: Work-related Stress In the Primary Care Environment In Germanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Work-Related Psychosocial Demands and Resources in General Practice Teams in Germany. A Team-Based Ethnography

Tsarouha

Preiser

Weltermann

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…good working atmosphere, appropriate salary) to health and health-related behaviors [e.g. 19,20]. Based on these models, existing European [11] and German [21] recommendations have structured work-related psychosocial demands, comprising, for example, "work content and task" (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

'We always support each other – no matter what': a qualitative analysis of work-related psychosocial demands, stressors and resources in general practice teams

Tsarouha

Preiser

Weltermann

et al. 2020

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Abstract Background Work-related stress has been associated with poor psychological and physical outcomes. A better understanding of work-related psychosocial demands, risks and resources can therefore contribute to the prevention of work-related stress. Compared to the general population, medical staff have reported a higher prevalence of chronic stress. Using general practices as an example for small enterprises, this study aims to gain a deeper understanding of work-related psychosocial demands, stressors and resources in the primary care setting. Methods We applied an ethnographic design, comprising a combination of participating observations, individual interviews with physicians (N = 6) and focus group discussion with practice assistants and administrative staff (N = 19) in five general practices in Germany. Access to the practice teams was established via a university general practice network. A grounded theory approach was applied to analyze all data. Results Our results identified specific psychosocial demands, stressors and resources exemplified mainly along two typical tasks in GP practices: the issuing of medical prescriptions and blood sampling. Main psychosocial risks included factors related to work content and tasks (e.g. incompleteness of task), organization of work (e.g. frequent interruptions), and the working environment (e.g. noise). Work-related resources comprised staff’s influence on aspects related to work organization (e.g. scope for action) and social support (e.g. positively perceived teamwork). These factors did not occur in isolation but were closely interrelated with each other.Conclusion Although work processes in general practices are complex and required to comply with legal regulations, the specific organization of work processes is the responsibility of the general practitioner. Therefore, there are opportunities for practice owners and practice teams to establish working procedures in ways that reduce psychosocial risks and strengthen work-related resources.

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Digitalisierung und Psyche – Rahmenbedingungen für eine gesunde Arbeitswelt. Ergebnisse des Projektes GAP

et al. 2020

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ZusammenfassungDie gegenwärtige Arbeitswelt ist gezeichnet von Digitalisierungsprozessen, welche sukzessive in allen Bereichen der Erwerbsarbeit wirksam werden. Der Großteil der damit im Zusammenhang stehenden arbeitsorganisatorischen Veränderungen bleibt in seinen Wirkungen ambivalent und bietet immer auch Ansatzpunkte für Maßnahmen des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes. Das BMBF geförderte Verbundprojekt „Gesunde Arbeit in Pionierbranchen (GAP)“ untersuchte den Einfluss des technologischen Wandels auf die psychische und physische Gesundheit sowie Strukturen und Maßnahmen des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes. Weiterhin sollten erste Empfehlungen für einen zukunftsfähigen Arbeitsschutz abgeleitet werden. In Anbetracht des nach einer Literatursichtung überschaubaren Forschungsstandes wurde ein exploratives Vorgehen gewählt und mittels der Erstellung von Unternehmensfallstudien realisiert. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass bekannte Gefährdungen, vor allem körperlich schwere Arbeit, reduziert werden können. Gleichwohl lassen sich neue Gefährdungen und die Intensivierung bekannter Gefährdungen sowie eine Belastungsverschiebung beobachten. Darüber hinaus zeichnet sich eine deutliche Zunahme psychischer Belastungen im Arbeitskontext ab. Für die gesundheitsförderliche Gestaltung ergeben sich demnach durch technologische Veränderungen wie Digitalisierung, Automatisierung und intelligente Vernetzung von Produktionsschritten sowohl Chancen als auch Herausforderungen.Praktische Relevanz: Erste Handlungsempfehlungen für einen zukunftsfähigen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz und gute digitalisierte Arbeit können abgeleitet werden.

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Psychische Belastungsfaktoren in der Arbeitswelt: Modelle und Prävention

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Work-Related Psychosocial Demands and Resources in General Practice Teams in Germany. A Team-Based Ethnography

Work-Related Psychosocial Demands and Resources in General Practice Teams in Germany. A Team-Based Ethnography

'We always support each other – no matter what': a qualitative analysis of work-related psychosocial demands, stressors and resources in general practice teams

Digitalisierung und Psyche – Rahmenbedingungen für eine gesunde Arbeitswelt. Ergebnisse des Projektes GAP

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