Psychodynamic Models of Personality

Bornstein, Robert F.; Denckla, Christy A.; Chung, Wei-Jean

doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop205003

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…As it is expressed by Buller [2002 and superego (Bornstein, 2003). The id represents the basic drives, things wished to be instantaneously realized.…”

Section: The Psychodynamic Structure Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the superego seems to be developed during the process where the human evolves from the state, characterized by parental dependency and heteronomy to the state, in which decisions are of a selfreliant character. It re-echoes the moral laws that were learned so far by interacting with parents or others (Bornstein, 2003). Moral rules are standards of behavior, or principles of right and wrong.…”

Section: The Psychodynamic Structure Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a model which comprises a kind of observer, which certainly not lacks a behavioristic reduction, as it rather explains behavior between the poles of distinct forces -psychological forces within a psychodynamic framework. Psychodynamics and related psychoanalytical theories are of interest for cognitive science, because psychoanalytical concepts coincide with prevailing cognitive models of science (Bornstein, 2003). Psychodynamics basically considers changes a psychical system undergoes as determinants for its current behavior.…”

Section: A Cognitive Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety of Autonomous Cognitive-oriented Robots

Ertle¹

2015

Künstl Intell

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Service robots shall very soon autonomously provide services in all spheres of life. They have to execute demanding and complex tasks in a dynamic environment, collaborate with human users in a natural and intuitive way and adapt themselves to varying conditions. It can be assumed that complex robots have to be able to learn, if they shall be able to provide complex tasks in unstructured environments in an autonomous fashion. The capability to 'act autonomously' is often mentioned in conjunction with robots, however, the perception and understanding of the term autonomy varies among the different research fields. Therefore, a closer look is taken at robot autonomy and intelligence, in particular, with regard to current and future robots. From this perspective, implications for safety are derived concerning safe autonomous behavior.In order to push forward the robot safety in the light of safe behavior in complex environments, a novel classification of robot hazards is provided. Based on this, the so-called object interaction hazards are derived which arise when objects that are, for instance, located in the near environment, interact with objects that are manipulated by a robot. Taking into account the current state-of-the-art, it can be stated that this denotes a novel problem area. This problem area is so far addressed neither in current research work, nor in the relevant standards.The new type of hazards can be assigned to a group of hazards that originate from the interaction with a complex and unstructured environment. In order to sufficiently consider the environment and operation context, the robot has to be aware of it. In the field of cognitive (technical and biological) systems, this key capability can be called 'situation awareness ' (cf. Söffker, 2008). Based on Endsley (1995)'s definition of situation awareness, Wardziński (2008) proposes the 'dynamic risk assessment' approach, which shall enable the robot perceive the risk of current and upcoming situations. In order to realize such a risk-aware planning system for the first time, dynamic risk assessment is integrated within a cognitive architecture in order to utilize cognitive functions, such as anticipation, planning and learning. Here, the so-called action spaces (sets of possible upcoming situations) are dynamically anticipated within the underlying cognitive architecture, and a risk assessment component assesses them with regard to comprised risks. Thus, the generated risk information can be utilized for a risk-aware action planning. The proper operation of this integrating concept is demonstrated via simulations and with a robot experiment.In order to consider (object interaction) hazards by means of dynamic risk assessment, (initial) knowledge about hazards is required. Thus, a novel procedural model is developed for systematically generating a safety knowledge base. In this connection, the concept is to formalize risk models (risk description rules) in a generalized manner so that they remain valid for future, and so far unknown si...

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“…As it is expressed by Buller [2002 and superego (Bornstein, 2003). The id represents the basic drives, things wished to be instantaneously realized.…”

Section: The Psychodynamic Structure Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Psychodynamic Structure Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Cognitive Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety of Autonomous Cognitive-oriented Robots

Ertle¹

2015

Künstl Intell

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Within-person covariation of agentic and communal perceptions: Implications for interpersonal theory and assessment

Roche

Pincus

Hyde

et al. 2013

Journal of Research in Personality

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Interpersonal theory identifies agency and communion as uncorrelated (orthogonal) dimensions, largely evidenced by research examining between-person analyses of single-occasion measures. However, longitudinal studies of interpersonal behavior demonstrated the within-person association of agency and communion is not orthogonal for many individuals, and between-person differences in these associations relate to adjustment. We applied a similar approach to investigate the association of interpersonal perceptions. 184 university students completed a 7-day event-contingent study of their interpersonal experiences. Using multilevel regression models, we demonstrated that agentic and communal perceptions were positively associated, and the strength of this within-person association was moderated by between-person scores of dependency and narcissism. We discuss the benefits of incorporating within-person interpersonal associations (termed interpersonal covariation) into interpersonal theory and assessment.

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Heterosexism and the self: A systematic review informing LGBQ-affirmative research and psychotherapy

Collins

Levitt

2021

Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services

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Psychodynamic Models of Personality

Cited by 3 publications

References 122 publications

Safety of Autonomous Cognitive-oriented Robots

Safety of Autonomous Cognitive-oriented Robots

Within-person covariation of agentic and communal perceptions: Implications for interpersonal theory and assessment

Heterosexism and the self: A systematic review informing LGBQ-affirmative research and psychotherapy

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