Psychological and behavioral factors unpredictive of disordered eating: A prospective study of the general adolescent population in Norway

Reciprocal Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Disordered Eating Among Adolescent Girls and Boys: A Multiwave, Prospective Study

“…In fact, some school-based longitudinal studies support the existence of a female-specific pathway from affective symptoms to the development of eating problems among adolescents (Beato-Fernández et al 2007; Jackson and Chen 2008). In contrast, other studies have not found gender differences in the effect of depression on concurrent (Hautala et al 2008; Wichstrøm 1995) and subsequent (Ferreiro et al 2011; Johnson et al 2002; Wichstrøm 2000) disordered eating in community samples of adolescents. Likewise, there is conflicting evidence coming from community-based studies that suggests either that eating-related variables exert unique risk for depression onset in girls (Bearman and Stice 2008) or that girls and boys are more similar than different with respect to the impact of disordered eating on depressive symptoms both concurrently (Santos et al 2007) and prospectively (Vaughan and Halpern 2010).…”

“…Similarly, there is evidence that eating problems, including dietary restraint and bulimic symptoms, predict onset of depression (Stice et al 2000) and increases in depressive symptoms (Stice and Bearman 2001) in adolescent girls. Nonetheless, other studies with community adolescents do not support the pathway either from depressive symptoms to later disordered eating (Keel et al 1997; Wichstrøm 2000) or the other way around (Ferreiro et al 2011). Although past results are on the whole suggestive of possible prospective associations between depression and eating problems, the temporal nature of these associations cannot be ascertained by examining unidirectional relationships because this approach does not allow researchers to rule out reverse causation (Cole and Maxwell 2003).…”

The development of bulimic symptoms from adolescence to young adulthood in females and males: A population‐based longitudinal cohort study

“…Detailed information about the sampling procedure is presented elsewhere. 17,18 The response rate at T0 was 97%.…”

“…17,18 This national representative study was conducted at four time points: 1992 (T0), 1994 (T1), 1999 (T2), and 2005 (T3). The initial sample at T0 was composed of 12,287 students in grades 7-12 (12-20 years of age) from 67 representative schools in Norway.…”

Examination of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 in a mixed-gender young-adolescent sample.

“…Media internalization has been found to be both directly predictive of eating pathology (Field, Camargo, Taylor, Berkey, & Colditz, 1999;Stice, Presnell, & Spangler, 2002;Wichstrom, 2000) and to operate indirectly through increasing other risk factors in the dual-pathway model of bulimic pathology (Stice & Agras, 1998;Stice, Killen, Hayward, & Taylor, 1998), where internalization and sociocultural pressure to be thin leads to body dissatisfaction as an individual becomes discontent with their inability to meet this ideal. Body dissatisfaction is EXAMINATION OF THE SATAQ-3 4 then thought to lead to dieting and/or negative affect, each of which then increases the risk of bulimic pathology.…”